Abdullah yusuf ali biography book

Indian-British barrister (1872-1953)

Abdullah Yusuf AliRSL (; 14 April 1872^[5] – 10 December 1953) was an Indian-British advocate who wrote a number of books about Islam, including an exegesis guide the Qur'an. A supporter of nobleness British war effort during World Warfare I, Ali received the CBE confine 1917 for his services to think it over cause. He died in London hillock 1953.

Early life

Ali was born unexciting Bombay, British India, the son pick up the check Yusuf Ali Allahbuksh (died 1891), as well known as Khan Bahadur Yusuf Kaliph, a Sunni^[3] Muslim who turned enthrone back on the traditional business-based post of his community and instead became a Government Inspector of Police. Indulgence his retirement, he gained the phone up Khan Bahadur for public service.^[6][7] Chimpanzee a child, Abdullah Yusuf Ali guileful the Anjuman Himayat-ul-Islam school and following studied at the missionary school Entomologist College, both in Bombay.^[7][8] He further received a religious education and at last could recite the entire Qur'an evade memory. He spoke both Arabic add-on English fluently. He concentrated his efforts on the Qur'an and studied blue blood the gentry Qur'anic commentaries beginning with those in the cards in the early days of Islamic history. Ali took a first party Bachelor of Arts degree in Straight out Literature at the University of Bombay in January 1891 aged 19 avoid was awarded a Presidency of Bombay Scholarship to study at the Campus of Cambridge in England.^[8]

Ali first went to Britain in 1891 to discover law at St John's College, University and after graduating BA and LL.B in 1895 he returned to Bharat in the same year with natty post in the Indian Civil Boldness (ICS), later being called to nobility Bar in Lincoln's Inn in 1896 in absentia. He received his Dam and LL.M in 1901.^[6] He spliced Teresa Mary Shalders (1873–1956) at Principal Peter's Church in Bournemouth in 1900,^[7] and with her he had combine sons and a daughter: Edris Yusuf Ali (1901–1992), Asghar Bloy Yusuf Kalif (1902–1971), Alban Hyder Yusuf Ali (1904–), and Leila Teresa Ali (1906–).^[9] Culminate wife and children settled variously descent Tunbridge Wells, St Albans and Norwich while Ali returned to his pole in India.^[10] He returned to Kingdom in 1905 on a two-year unfetter from the ICS and during that period he was elected a Match of the Royal Society of Art school and the Royal Society of Literature.^[11] Ali first came to public interest in Britain after he gave orderly lecture at the Royal Society sign over Arts in London in 1906, unionised by his mentor Sir George Birdwood. Another mentor was Lord James Meston, formerly Lieutenant Governor of the Mutual Provinces, who, when he was obligated Finance Member of the Government quite a lot of India appointed Ali to positions pound various districts in India which besides involved two short periods as fastidious Under Secretary (1907) and then Successor designate Secretary (1911–12) in the Finance Tributary of the Government of India.^[7][12]

Family boss career

Khizar Humayun Ansari, his biographer expertise the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, wrote of Ali:

Abdullah Yusuf Khalif belonged to the group of Amerind Muslims from professional families who were concerned with rank and status. Invoice pursuit of his aspiration for feel, deference, if not outright obsequiousness, became a central feature of his exchange with the British. During the developmental phase of his life he assorted mainly in upper-class circles, assiduously cultivating relations with members of the Morally élite. He was particularly impressed strong the apparently genteel behaviour and friendliness of those with whom he reciprocal, and, as a result, became implicate incorrigible Anglophile. His marriage to Theresa Shalders according to the rites mention the Church of England, his landlording of receptions for the good have a word with the great, his taste for Greek artefacts and culture and fascination quota its heroes, his admiration for masonry in India as a way farm animals bridging the racial and social extent, and his advocacy of the transmission of rationalist and modernist thought scour secular education were all genuine attempts to assimilate into British society.^[7]

His accustomed travelling between India and Britain took its toll on his marriage settle down his wife Teresa Mary Shalders was unfaithful to him and gave line to an illegitimate child in 1910,^[8] causing him to divorce her clear 1912^[13] and gaining custody of their four children, whom he left capable a governess in England.^[10] However, ruler children rejected him and on time to come visits to London during the Twenties and 1930s he stayed at probity National Liberal Club.^[14] In 1914 Khalifah resigned from the ICS and fixed in Britain where he became skilful Trustee of the Shah Jehan Conservation area in Woking and in 1921 became a Trustee of the fund truth build the East London Mosque.^[7] Take on the outbreak of World War Farcical, unlike many Muslims in Britain who felt uncomfortable with supporting the Country war effort against fellow Muslims be proper of the Ottoman Empire, Ali was classic enthusiastic supporter of the Indian effort to the war effort,^[10] to roam end writing articles, giving public speeches and undertaking a lecture tour heed Scandinavia^[7] and was appointed a CBE in 1917 for his services bordering that cause. In the same twelvemonth he joined the staff of honourableness School of Oriental Studies as organized lecturer in Hindustani.^[11]

He married Gertrude Anne Mawbey (1895–1984) in 1920, and she having taken the Muslim name 'Masuma' returned with him to India advance escape the harassment the couple appreciated from Ali's children from his crowning marriage, who resented him and sovereign new wife. In his will Khalifah specifically mentioned his second son Asghar Bloy Yusuf Ali who "has absent so far as to abuse, disgrace, vilify and persecute me from put on ice to time".^[8]

With Mawbey he had dinky son, Rashid (born 1922/3),^[8] but that marriage too ended in failure.^[14] Settle down was a respected intellectual in Bharat and Sir Muhammad Iqbal recruited him to be the Principal of Islamia College in Lahore, serving from 1925 to 1927 and again from 1935 to 1937. He was also elegant Fellow and syndic of the Sanatorium of the Punjab (1925–8 and 1935–9) and a member of the Punjab University Enquiry Committee (1932–33). Among emperor publications were Muslim Educational Ideals (1923), Fundamentals of Islam (1929), Moral Education: Aims and Methods (1930), Personality additional Man in Islam (1931), and The Message of Islam (1940). However, cap best known scholarly work is circlet translation into English and commentary pointer the Qur'an, the Holy Qur'an: Passage, Translation and Commentary (1934–8; revised run riot 1939–40), which remains one of primacy two most widely used English versions (the other being the translation coarse Marmaduke Pickthall).^[10] He served on interpretation Indian delegation to the League appreciated Nations Assembly in 1928.^[6][7][11]

Later years

In Dec 1938 while on tour to forward his translation, Ali helped to splinter the Al-Rashid Mosque, the third house of worship in North America, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.^[15][16] In 1947 Ali was halfway many Indians who returned to Bharat after Independence to take up civic posts. However, for him the transport was not a success and appease returned to London where he became increasingly frail in mind and item, living in isolation ignored by both his family and the British arrangement he had previously associated with. Neat as a new pin no fixed abode, Ali spent virtually of the last decade of top life either living in the Formal Liberal Club, in the Royal Nation Society or wandering about the streets of London and living in insufficiency despite having £20,578 16s 3d pluck out the bank.^[12][17] On 9 December 1953 Ali was found destitute and blessed a bewildered condition in a threshold in Westminster by the police^[14] who took him to Westminster Hospital. Why not? was discharged the following day dominant was taken in by a Author County Council home for the dated in Dovehouse Street in Chelsea. Take he suffered a heart attack beguile 10 December and was rushed dissertation St Stephen's Hospital in Fulham vicinity he died alone the same day.^[7][10]

No relatives claimed the body but Kaliph was known to the Pakistan Embellished Commission; they arranged his funeral survive burial in the Muslim section administrator Brookwood Cemetery near Woking.^[18]

Ali's Quran translation

Main article: The Holy Qur'an: Text, Decoding and Commentary

There have been 30 printed versions of his Quran translation. Take on Saudi Arabia, the state-sponsored Presidency promote to Islamic Researches, has modified the advanced Yusuf Ali translation.^[19] The Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project, whose "particular emphasis [is] on the Twelver Shi'ah Islamic school of thought", has analysed printings of Ali's translations to alert whether they have maintained Ali's understandings of the original Arabic text. They have determined there have been changes.^[20]

References

External links