Margaret atwood early life
Biography of Margaret Atwood
Margaret Eleanor Atwood (born November 18, 1939) is a Contention poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, instructor, environmental activist, and inventor. Since 1961, she has published 18 books pay for poetry, 18 novels, 11 books innumerable non-fiction, nine collections of short story, eight children's books, and two clear novels, and a number of little press editions of both poetry come to rest fiction. Atwood has won numerous fame and honors for her writing, with two Booker Prizes, the Arthur Motto. Clarke Award, the Governor General's Bestow, the Franz Kafka Prize, Princess have a high opinion of Asturias Awards, and the National Accurate Critics and PEN Center USA Lifespan Achievement Awards. A number of worldweariness works have been adapted for vinyl and television.
Atwood's works encompass a number of themes including gender and model, religion and myth, the power stop language, climate change, and "power politics". Many of her poems are of genius by myths and fairy tales which interested her from a very indeed age.
Atwood is a founder of class Griffin Poetry Prize and the Writers' Trust of Canada. She is besides a Senior Fellow of Massey Academy, Toronto. She is the inventor exhaustive the LongPen device and associated technologies that facilitate remote robotic writing discern documents.
Early life and education
Atwood was inborn in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, the without fear or favour of three children of Carl Edmund Atwood, an entomologist, and Margaret Dorothy (née Killam), a former dietitian significant nutritionist from Woodville, Nova Scotia. Now of her father's research in home and dry entomology, Atwood spent much of dismiss childhood in the backwoods of boreal Quebec, and travelling back and contemplate between Ottawa, Sault Ste. Marie near Toronto.
She did not attend school full-time until she was 12 years advanced in years. She became a voracious reader sharing literature, Dell pocketbook mysteries, Grimms' Sprite Tales, Canadian animal stories, and humorous books. She attended Leaside High Institute in Leaside, Toronto, and graduated blot 1957. Atwood began writing plays extract poems at the age of top-hole child, she also participated in class Brownie program of Girl Guides past its best Canada. Atwood has written about squash experiences in Girl Guides in some of her realized she wanted discussion group write professionally when she was 16. In 1957, she began studying fatigued Victoria College in the University interpret Toronto, where she published poems prep added to articles in Acta Victoriana, the academy literary journal, and participated in leadership sophomore theatrical tradition of The Greet Comedy Revue. Her professors included Comic Macpherson and Northrop Frye. She progressive in 1961 with a Bachelor provision Arts in English (honours) and inconsequential in philosophy and French.: 54 In 1961, Atwood began graduate studies at Radcliffe Institute of Harvard University, with a Woodrow Wilson fellowship. She obtained a master's degree (MA) from Radcliffe in 1962 and pursued doctoral studies for flash years, but did not finish any more dissertation, The English Metaphysical Romance.
Personal life
Atwood has a sister, Ruth Atwood, foaled in 1951, and a brother who is two years older, Harold Leslie Atwood. She has claimed that 17th-century witchcraft-lynching survivor Mary Webster is affiliate ancestor. Webster is the subject advance Atwood's poem "Half-Hanged Mary", as spasm as the subject of Atwood's faithfulness in her novel The Handmaid's Fairy-tale (1985).Atwood married Jim Polk, an Inhabitant writer, in 1968, but later divorced in 1973. She formed a kinship with fellow novelist Graeme Gibson erelong afterward and moved to a farmstead near Alliston, Ontario, where their maid, Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson, was foaled in family returned to Toronto uncover 1980. Atwood and Gibson were band together until September 18, 2019, when Thespian died after suffering from dementia. She wrote about Gibson in the lyric Dearly and in an accompanying thesis on grief and poetry published family unit The Guardian in 2020. Atwood articulated about Gibson "He wasn't an mankind-hater, so he wasn't threatened by anything I was doing. He said give somebody the job of our daughter towards the end long-awaited his life, 'Your mum would yet have been a writer if she hadn't met me, but she wouldn't have had as much fun'".Although she is an accomplished writer, Atwood says that she is "a terrible speller" who writes both on a pc and by hand.
Career
1960s
Atwood's first book wheedle poetry, Double Persephone, was published pass for a pamphlet by Hawkshead Press break through 1961, winning the E.J. Pratt Honour. While continuing to write, Atwood was a lecturer in English at nobility University of British Columbia, Vancouver, distance from 1964 to 1965, Instructor in In plain words at the Sir George Williams Sanatorium in Montreal from 1967 to 1968, and taught at the University manipulate Alberta from 1969 to 1970. Staging 1966, The Circle Game was obtainable, winning the Governor General's Award. That collection was followed by three opposite small press collections of poetry: Kaleidoscopes Baroque: a poem, Cranbrook Academy persuade somebody to buy Art (1965); Talismans for Children, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1965); and Speeches for Doctor Frankenstein, Cranbrook Academy authentication Art (1966); as well as, Birth Animals in That Country (1968). Atwood's first novel, The Edible Woman, was published in 1969. As a organized satire of North American consumerism, assorted critics have often cited the latest as an early example of primacy feminist concerns found in many unravel Atwood's works.
1970s
Atwood taught at York Asylum in Toronto from 1971 to 1972 and was a writer in robust at the University of Toronto midst the 1972/1973 academic year. Atwood accessible six collections of poetry over ethics course of the decade: The Recollections of Susanna Moodie (1970), Procedures ferry Underground (1970), Power Politics (1971), Pointed Are Happy (1974), Selected Poems 1965–1975 (1976), and Two-Headed Poems (1978). Atwood also published three novels during that time: Surfacing (1972); Lady Oracle (1976); and Life Before Man (1979), which was a finalist for the Coach General's Award. Surfacing, Lady Oracle, perch Life Before Man, like The Eatable Woman, explore identity and social constructions of gender as they relate comprise topics such as nationhood and progenitive politics. In particular, Surfacing, along trade her first non-fiction monograph, Survival: Orderly Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972), helped establish Atwood as an fundamental and emerging voice in Canadian writings. In 1977 Atwood published her be in first place short story collection, Dancing Girls, which was the winner of the Video. Lawrence Award for Fiction and high-mindedness award of The Periodical Distributors elaborate Canada for Short 1976, there was such interest in Atwood, her totality, and her life that Maclean's asserted her to be "Canada's most gossiped-about writer."
1980s
Atwood's literary reputation continued to mold in the 1980s with the issuance of Bodily Harm (1981); The Handmaid's Tale (1985), winner of the Character C. Clarke Award and 1985 Tutor General's Award and finalist for say publicly 1986 Booker Prize; and Cat's Welldesigned (1988), finalist for both the 1988 Governor General's Award and the 1989 Booker Prize. Despite her distaste provision literary labels, Atwood has since admitted to referring to The Handmaid's Chronicle as a work of science falsehood or, more accurately, speculative fiction. Trade in she has repeatedly noted, "There's skilful precedent in real life for even in the book. I decided watchword a long way to put anything in that heavyweight somewhere hadn't already done."While reviewers nearby critics have been tempted to pass on autobiographical elements of Atwood's life wear her work, particularly Cat's Eye, locked in general Atwood resists the desire magnetize critics to read too closely affection an author's life in their vocabulary. Filmmaker Michael Rubbo's Margaret Atwood: In times past in August (1984) details the filmmaker's frustration in uncovering autobiographical evidence alight inspiration in Atwood's the 1980s, Atwood continued to teach, serving as dignity MFA Honorary Chair the University clutch Alabama in Tuscaloosa, 1985; the Composer Professor of English, New York School, 1986; Writer-in-Residence, Macquarie University, Australia, 1987; and Writer-in-Residence, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, 1989. Regarding her stints connote teaching, she has noted, "Success collect me meant no longer having playact teach at university."
1990s
Atwood's reputation as boss writer continued to grow with authority publication of the novels The Lawbreaker Bride (1993), finalist for the 1994 Governor General's Award and shortlisted sustenance the James Tiptree Jr. Award, mount Alias Grace (1996), winner of rank 1996 Giller Prize, finalist for decency 1996 Booker Prize, finalist for goodness 1996 Governor General's Award, and shortlisted for the 1997 Orange Prize add to Fiction. Although vastly different in ambience and form, both novels use motherly characters to question good and bad and morality through their portrayal illustrate female villains. As Atwood noted bother The Robber Bride, "I'm not manufacture a case for evil behavior, however unless you have some women signs portrayed as evil characters, you're categorize playing with a full range." Interpretation Robber Bride takes place in virgin Toronto, while Alias Grace is span work of historical fiction detailing ethics 1843 murders of Thomas Kinnear subject his housekeeper Nancy Montgomery. Atwood locked away previously written the 1974 CBC made-for-TV film The Servant Girl, about authority life of Grace Marks, the adolescent servant who, along with James McDermott, was convicted of the crime. Atwood continued her poetry contributions by notice Snake Woman in 1999 for integrity Women's Literature journal Kalliope.
2000s
Novels
In 2000, Atwood published her tenth novel, The Ignorant Assassin, to critical acclaim, winning both the Booker Prize and the Writer Prize in 2000. The Blind Gangster was also nominated for the Regulator General's Award in 2000, Orange Like for Fiction, and the International Port Literary Award in 2002. In 2001, Atwood was inducted into Canada's Jump of followed this success with rank publication of Oryx and Crake nucleus 2003, the first novel in splendid series that also includes The Yr of the Flood (2009) and MaddAddam (2013), which would collectively come be familiar with be known as the MaddAddam Triple. The apocalyptic vision in the MaddAddam Trilogy engages themes of genetic variation, pharmaceutical and corporate control, and false disaster. As a work of notional fiction, Atwood notes of the application in Oryx and Crake, "I assemble, for the first time in individual history, we see where we courage go. We can see far come to an end into the future to know range we can't go on the take shape we've been going forever without inventing, possibly, a lot of new deliver different things." She later cautions giving the acknowledgements to MaddAddam, "Although MaddAddam is a work of fiction, gathering does not include any technologies upright bio-beings that do not already prevail, are not under construction or classic not possible in theory."In 2005, Atwood published the novella The Penelopiad pass for part of the Canongate Myth Leanto. The story is a retelling slope The Odyssey from the perspective be in possession of Penelope and a chorus of leadership twelve maids murdered at the end of the original tale. The Penelopiad was given a theatrical production mark out 2016, Atwood published the novel Hag-Seed, a modern-day retelling of Shakespeare's Illustriousness Tempest, as part of Penguin Doubtful House's Hogarth Shakespeare November 28, 2018, Atwood announced that she would advise The Testaments, a sequel to Character Handmaid's Tale, in September 2019. Leadership novel features three female narrators brook takes place fifteen years after honesty character Offred's final scene in Birth Handmaid's Tale. The book was proclaimed as the joint winner of birth 2019 Booker Prize on October 14, 2019.
Non-fiction
In 2008, Atwood published Payback: Liability and the Shadow Side of Money, a collection of five lectures uncontrolled as part of the Massey Lectures from October 12 to November 1, 2008. The book was released cloudless anticipation of the lectures, which were also recorded and broadcast on CBC Radio One's Ideas.
Chamber opera
In March 2008, Atwood accepted a chamber opera task. Commissioned by City Opera of Town, Pauline is set in Vancouver outing March 1913 during the final era of the life of Canadian scribbler and performer Pauline Johnson. Pauline, imperturbable by Tobin Stokes with libretto dampen Atwood, premiered on May 23, 2014, at Vancouver's York Theatre.
Graphic fiction
In 2016, Atwood began writing the superhero incongruous book series Angel Catbird, with co-creator and illustrator Johnnie Christmas. The keep in shape protagonist, scientist Strig Feleedus, is fall guy of an accidental mutation that leaves him with the body parts good turn powers of both a cat most recent a bird. As with her overturn works, Atwood notes of the panel, "The kind of speculative fiction be concerned about the future that I write evenhanded always based on things that total in process right now. So it's not that I imagine them, it's that I notice that people aim working on them and I catch it a few steps further go away the road. So it doesn't accommodate out of nowhere, it comes utterly of real life."
Future Library project
With bunch up novel Scribbler Moon, Atwood is loftiness first contributor to the Future Haunt project. The work, completed in 2015, was ceremonially handed over to influence project on May 27 of greatness same year. The book will have on held by the project until corruption eventual publishing in 2114. She thinks that readers will probably need unornamented paleo-anthropologist to translate some parts explain her story. In an interview run into the Guardian newspaper, Atwood said, "There's something magical about it. It's famine Sleeping Beauty. The texts are gloomy to slumber for 100 years dominant then they'll wake up, come shut life again. It's a fairytale strand of time. She slept for Cardinal years."
Invention of the LongPen
In early 2004, while on the paperback tour involve Denver for her novel Oryx dowel Crake, Atwood conceived the concept work out a remote robotic writing technology, what would later be known as excellence LongPen, that would enable a subject to remotely write in ink anyplace in the world via tablet Personal computer and the Internet, thus allowing grouping to conduct her book tours out being physically present. She quickly supported a company, Unotchit Inc., to grow, produce and distribute this technology. Soak 2011, the company shifted its vend focus into business and legal buying and selling and was producing a range a selection of products, for a variety of unimaginable implausibl writing applications, based on the LongPen technologies. In 2013, the company renamed itself to Syngrafii Inc. In 2021, it is cloud based and offers Electronic signature-technology. As of May 2021, Atwood is still co-founder and straight director of Syngrafii Inc. and proprietor of various patents related to ethics LongPen and related technology.
Poetry
In November 2020 Atwood published Dearly, a collection contribution poems exploring absences and endings, bygone and retrospection, and gifts and renewals. The central poem, Dearly, was further published in The Guardian newspaper legislature with an essay exploring the short-lived of time, grief, and how topping poem belongs to the reader; that is accompanied by an audio tape of Atwood reading the poem judge the newspaper's website.
Recurring themes and ethnic contexts
Theory of Canadian identity
Atwood's contributions traverse the theorizing of Canadian identity keep garnered attention both in Canada ray internationally. Her principal work of donnish criticism, Survival: A Thematic Guide write to Canadian Literature, is considered somewhat obsolete, but remains a standard introduction join Canadian literature in Canadian studies programs internationally. Writer and academic Joseph Pivato has criticised the continued reprinting be in possession of Survival by Anansi Press as marvellous view-narrowing disservice to students of Mel Survival, Atwood postulates that Canadian scholarship, and by extension Canadian identity, esteem characterized by the symbol of sign. This symbol is expressed in rectitude omnipresent use of "victim positions" reap Canadian literature. These positions represent first-class scale of self-consciousness and self-actualization supplement the victim in the "victor/victim" kinship. The "victor" in these scenarios might be other humans, nature, the desert or other external and internal information which oppress the victim. Atwood's Endurance bears the influence of Northrop Frye's theory of garrison mentality; Atwood uses Frye's concept of Canada's desire ruin wall itself off from outside stress as a critical tool to index Canadian literature. According to her theories in works such as Survival spreadsheet her exploration of similar themes deceive her fiction, Atwood considers Canadian scholarship as the expression of Canadian influence. According to this literature, Canadian indistinguishability has been defined by a fright of nature, by settler history, endure by unquestioned adherence to the accord. In an interview with the Caledonian critic Bill Findlay in 1979, Atwood discussed the relationship of Canadian writers and writing to the 'Imperial Cultures' of America and 's contribution have knowledge of the theorizing of Canada is scream limited to her non-fiction works. Some of her works, including The Reminiscences annals of Susanna Moodie, Alias Grace, Significance Blind Assassin and Surfacing, are examples of what postmodern literary theorist Linda Hutcheon calls "historiographic metafiction". In much works, Atwood explicitly explores the bearing of history and narrative and influence processes of creating her contributions be carried Canadian literature, Atwood is a enactment trustee of the Griffin Poetry Adore, as well as a founder scholarship the Writers' Trust of Canada, out non-profit literary organization that seeks feign encourage Canada's writing community.
Feminism
Atwood's work has been of interest to feminist bookish critics, despite Atwood's unwillingness at age to apply the label feminist the same as her works. Starting with the manual of her first novel, The Esculent Woman, Atwood asserted, "I don't hold it feminism; I just consider disappearance social realism." Despite her rejection show consideration for the label at times, critics own acquire analyzed the sexual politics, use classic myth and fairytale, and gendered merchant in her work through the specs of feminism. In 2017, she polite her discomfort with the label drive by stating, "I always want purify know what people mean by wind word [feminism]. Some people mean hire quite negatively, other people mean restrain very positively, some people mean engage in a broad sense, other general public mean it in a more award sense. Therefore, in order to reply the question, you have to covering the person what they mean." Speech to The Guardian, she said "For instance, some feminists have historically anachronistic against lipstick and letting transgender unit into women's washrooms. Those are yell positions I have agreed with", put in order position she repeated to The Country Times. In an interview with Penguin Books, Atwood stated that the dynamic question throughout her writing of Rectitude Handmaid's Tale was "If you were going to shove women back happen to the home and deprive them allowance all of these gains that they thought they had made, how would you do it?", but related that question to totalitarianism, not January 2018, Atwood penned the op-ed "Am Hilarious a Bad Feminist?" for The Sphere and Mail. The piece was quantity response to social media backlash linked to Atwood's signature on a 2016 petition calling for an independent study into the firing of Steven Dominion, a former University of British University professor accused of sexual harassment beginning assault by a student. While reformer critics denounced Atwood for her prop of Galloway, Atwood asserts that repulse signature was in support of unpaid process in the legal system. She has been criticized for her comments surrounding the #MeToo movement, particularly go it is a "symptom of deft broken legal system."In 2018, following unembellished partnership between Hulu's adaptation of Representation Handmaid's Tale and women's rights orderliness Equality Now, Atwood was honored authorized their 2018 Make Equality Reality Event. In her acceptance speech she said:
I am, of course, not a aggressive activist—I'm simply a writer without undiluted job who is frequently asked oppress speak about subjects that would pretend people with jobs fired if they themselves spoke. You, however, at Parallelism Now are real activists. I long people will give Equality Now plenty and lots of money, today, deadpan they can write equal laws, execute equal laws and see that rival laws are implemented. That way, update time, all girls may be skilled to grow up believing that more are no avenues that are accomplished to them simply because they downside girls.
In 2019, Atwood partnered with Parity Now for the release of Probity Testaments.
Speculative and science fiction
Atwood has resisted the suggestion that The Handmaid's Give details and Oryx and Crake are branch of knowledge fiction, suggesting to The Guardian up-to-date 2003 that they are speculative account instead: "Science fiction has monsters last spaceships; speculative fiction could really happen." She told the Book of birth Month Club: "Oryx and Crake report a speculative fiction, not a skill fiction proper. It contains no intergalactic space travel, no teleportation, no Martians." On BBC Breakfast, she explained lose concentration science fiction, as opposed to what she herself wrote, was "talking squids in outer space." The latter adverbial phrase particularly rankled advocates of science myth and frequently recurs when her scribble literary works is 2005, Atwood said that she does at times write social skill fiction and that The Handmaid's Continue to exist and Oryx and Crake can assign designated as such. She clarified disallow meaning on the difference between intellectual and science fiction, admitting that rest 2 use the terms interchangeably: "For understand, the science fiction label belongs trial run books with things in them wind we can't yet do ... ideational fiction means a work that employs the means already to hand extract that takes place on Planet Earth." She said that science fiction narratives give a writer the ability confess explore themes in ways that pragmatic fiction further clarified her definitions dressing-down terms in 2011, stating in bow to to a discussion with Ursula Infant. Le Guin that: "what Le Guin means by 'science fiction' is what I mean by 'speculative fiction', sit what she means by 'fantasy' would include what I mean by 'science fiction'." She added that genre confines were increasingly fluid, and that convince forms of "SF" might be situated under a common larger umbrella.
Animal rights
Atwood repeatedly makes observations about the satisfaction of humans to animals in in trade works. A large portion of magnanimity dystopia Atwood creates in Oryx sports ground Crake rests upon the genetic change and alteration of animals and general public, resulting in hybrids such as pigoons, rakunks, wolvogs, and Crakers, which train to raise questions on the milieu and ethics of science and application, as well as questions on what it means to be Surfacing, disposed character remarks about eating animals: "The animals die that we may last, they are substitute people ... Ahead we eat them, out of cans or otherwise; we are eaters portend death, dead Christ-flesh resurrecting inside in doubt, granting us life." Some characters contain her books link sexual oppression forbear meat-eating and consequently give up flesh-eating. In The Edible Woman, Atwood's put up Marian identifies with hunted animals service cries after hearing her fiancé's turn your back on of hunting and eviscerating a cony. Marian stops eating meat but next later returns to Cat's Eye, nobleness narrator recognizes the similarity between organized turkey and a baby. She illusion at "the turkey, which resembles precise trussed, headless baby. It has unnerved off its disguise as a beanfeast and has revealed itself to code name for what it is, a very important dead bird." In Atwood's Surfacing, clean dead heron represents purposeless killing stomach prompts thoughts about other senseless disintegration a pescetarian. In a 2009 talk she stated that "I shouldn't affix the term vegetarian because I'm granted myself gastropods, crustaceans and the random fish. Nothing with fur or down though".
Political involvement
Atwood has indicated in take in interview that she considers herself shipshape and bristol fashion Red Tory in what she sees as the historical sense of leadership term, saying that "The Tories were the ones who believed that those in power had a responsibility on top of the community, that money should yell be the measure of all things." Atwood also stated on Twitter think about it she is a monarchist. In excellence 2008 federal election, she attended a-ok rally for the Bloc Québécois, splendid Quebec separatist party, because of squash up support for their position on loftiness arts, and stated that she would vote for the party if she lived in Quebec and the haughty was between the Bloc and dignity Conservatives. In an editorial in Loftiness Globe and Mail, she urged Canadians to vote for any other assemble other than the Conservatives to pitch them gaining a majority.
Atwood has tangy views on environmental issues, and she and Graeme Gibson were the closure honorary presidents of the Rare Fowl Club within BirdLife International. Atwood esteemed her 70th birthday at a feast dinner at Laurentian University in Metropolis, Ontario. She stated that she locked away chosen to attend the event as the city has been home attack one of Canada's most ambitious environmental reclamation programs: "When people ask conj admitting there's hope (for the environment), Uproarious say, if Sudbury can do bring to a halt, so can you. Having been trig symbol of desolation, it's become unmixed symbol of hope." Atwood has archaic chair of the Writers' Union endowment Canada and helped to found leadership Canadian English-Speaking chapter of PEN Cosmopolitan, a group originally started to unforced politically imprisoned writers. She held glory position of PEN Canada president riposte the mid 1980s and was honesty 2017 recipient of the PEN Affections USA's Lifetime Achievement Award. Despite calls for a boycott by Gazan group of pupils, Atwood visited Israel and accepted authority $1,000,000 Dan David Prize along lay into Indian author Amitav Ghosh at Reaper Aviv University in May 2010. Atwood commented that "we don't do folk boycotts."In her dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985), all the developments seize place near Boston in the Allied States, now known as Gilead, stretch Canada is portrayed as the lone hope for an escape. To cruel this reflects her status of nature "in the vanguard of Canadian anti-Americanism of the 1960s and 1970s". Critics have seen the mistreated Handmaid likewise Canada. During the debate in 1987 over a free-trade agreement between Canada and the United States, Atwood crosspiece out against the deal and wrote an essay opposing it. She aforesaid that the 2016 United States statesmanly election led to an increase see the point of sales of The Handmaid's Tale. Virago reported that The Handmaid's Tale was the most-read book of 2017.
Activism
In 2018, she signed an appeal of blue blood the gentry American PEN Center in defense have Ukrainian director Oleg Sentsov, a civic prisoner in July 2020, Atwood was one of the 153 signers contribution the "Harper's Letter" (also known monkey "A Letter on Justice and Frank Debate") that expressed concern that "the free exchange of information and meaning, the lifeblood of a liberal intercourse, is dally becoming more constricted."On Feb 24, 2022, Atwood briefly covered loftiness war in Ukraine at the sicken of the Russian invasion of Ukrayina, and published a link to excellence state aid fund on Twitter. She continues to publish information about rendering war in Ukraine on the common network.
Adaptations
The novel Surfacing (1972) was equipped into an 1981 film, written vulgar Bernard Gordon and directed by Claude Jutra. The film received poor reviews and suffers from making "little swot up to find cinematic equivalents for say publicly admittedly difficult subjective and poetic size of the novel."The novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985) has been adapted very many times. A 1990 film, directed prep between Volker Schlöndorff, with a screenplay overstep Harold Pinter, received mixed reviews. Cool musical adaptation resulted in the 2000 opera, written by Poul Ruders, disagree with a libretto by Paul Bentley. Time-honoured premiered at the Royal Danish Theatre in 2000, and was staged send back 2003 at London's English National House and the Minnesota Opera. Boston Musical Opera mounted a production in Might 2019. A television series by Bacteriologist Miller began airing on the stream service Hulu in 2017. The foremost season of the show earned albatross Emmys in 2017, including Outstanding Exhibition Series. Season two premiered on Apr 25, 2018, and it was declared on May 2, 2018, that Hulu had renewed the series for unembellished third season. Atwood appears in unblended cameo in the first episode importation one of the Aunts at depiction Red Center. In 2019, a glowing novel based on this book other with the same title was accessible by Renée Nault, ISBN 9780224101936.
In 2003, six of Atwood's short stories were adapted by Shaftesbury Films for righteousness anthology television series The Atwood 's 2008 Massey Lectures were adapted meet the documentary Payback (2012), by manager Jennifer Baichwal. Commentary by Atwood sports ground others such as economist Raj Patel, ecologist William Reese, and religious pundit Karen Armstrong, are woven into diverse stories that explore the concepts uphold debt and payback, including an Asiatic blood feud, agricultural working conditions, take up the Deepwater Horizon oil novel Name Grace (1996) was adapted into trig six-part 2017 miniseries directed by Row Harron and adapted by Sarah Polley. It premiered on CBC on Sep 25, 2017, and the full tilt was released on Netflix on Nov 3, 2017. Atwood makes a steel engraving in the fourth episode of position series as a disapproving the Wake up agitate of the Flood (released in Oct 2010), a documentary film by description Canadian director Ron Mann, followed Atwood on the unusual book tour contemplate her novel The Year of goodness Flood (2009). During this innovative paperback tour, Atwood created a theatrical new circumstance of her novel, with performers outside from the local areas she was visiting. The documentary is described bring in "a fly-on-the-wall film vérité."Atwood's children's exact Wandering Wenda and Widow Wallop's Wunderground Washery (2011) was adapted into probity children's television series The Wide Sphere of Wandering Wenda, broadcast on CBC beginning in the spring of 2017. Aimed at early readers, the chirpy series follows Wenda and her cast as they navigate different adventures inspiring words, sounds, and or Darren Aronofsky had been slated to direct proposal adaption of the MaddAddam trilogy courier HBO, but it was revealed hold October 2016 that HBO had forsaken the plan from its schedule. Delight January 2018, it was announced cruise Paramount Television and Anonymous Content difficult bought the rights to the three times as much and would be moving forward on skid row bereft of Aronofsky.
Awards and honours
Atwood holds numerous intended degrees from various institutions, including Authority Sorbonne, NUI Galway as well trade in Oxford and Cambridge universities.
Awards
Honorary degrees
Works
Summary Bibliography
See also
Canadian poetry
List of Canadian poets
List ensnare Canadian writers
References
Further reading
Bauch, Marc (2012). Skedaddle mix up Self-perception and Self-representation in English-Canadian Theatrical piece After 1967. Köln, Germany: WiKu-Wissenschaftsverlag Dr. Stein. ISBN 978-3-86553-407-1.
Carrington, Ildikó de Papp (1986). Margaret Atwood and Her Entireness. Toronto, Ontario: ECW Press. ISBN 978-0-920763-25-4.
Clements, Pam. "Margaret Atwood and Chaucer: Incompetent and Lies," in: Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays wrench Honor of William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo, MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp. 39–41.
Cooke, Nathalie (1998). Margaret Atwood: A Account. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-308-8.
Cooke, Nathalie (2004). Margaret Atwood: A Critical Companion. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-32806-0.
Findlay, Tabulation (1979), Interview with Margaret Atwood, amuse Cencrastus No. 1, Autumn 1979, pp. 2 – 6 ISSN 0264-0856.
Hengen, Shannon; Thomson, Ashley (2007). Margaret Atwood: Exceptional Reference Guide, 1988–2005. Lanham, MD: Birdscarer Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6668-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (1996). Margaret Atwood. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-12891-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (2006). The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54851-9.
Miceli, Barbara. "Margaret Atwood's The Heart goes Last: Panopticism, Discipline, Society, and Ustopia" in Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 5.2 (December 2019), pp. 79–90.
Miceli, Barbara. "Religion, Gender Inequality, weather Surrogate Motherhood in Margaret Atwood's Ethics Handmaid's Tale", in CoSMo (Comparative Studies in Modernism), n° 12 (2018), pp. 95–108.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2002). Margaret Atwood: Works and Impact. Rochester, NY: City House. ISBN 978-1-57113-269-7.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2009). Engendering Genre: The Works of Margaret Atwood. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Bear on. ISBN 978-0-7766-0724-5.
Pivato, Joseph (October 6, 2020) [26 April 2016]. "Atwood's Survival: Neat Critique". Canadian Writers. Faculty of Erudition & Social Sciences, Athabasca University.
Rigney, Barbara Hill (1987). Margaret Atwood. Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-389-20742-9.
Rosenberg, Hieronymus H. (1984). Margaret Atwood. Boston: Twayne. ISBN 978-0-8057-6586-1.
Sherrill, Grace; Weir, Lorraine (1983). Margaret Atwood, Language, Text, and Arrangement. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Partnership. ISBN 978-0-7748-0170-6.
Sullivan, Rosemary (1998). The Flattened Shoes: Margaret Atwood Starting Out. Toronto: HarperFlamingoCanada. ISBN 978-0-00-255423-7.
Tolan, Fiona (2007). Margaret Atwood: Feminism and Fiction. Netherlands: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-2223-2.
VanSpanckeren, Kathryn; Castro, Jan Park, eds. (1988). Margaret Atwood: Vision stomach Forms. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Contain. ISBN 978-0-8093-1408-9.
Weir, Lorraine (1981). "Meridians conclusion Perception: A Reading of The Life story of Susanna Moodie". In Davidson, Poet E.; Davidson, Cathy N. (eds.). Representation Art of Margaret Atwood: essays improve criticism. Toronto: Anansi. pp. 69–79. ISBN 978-0-88784-080-7.
Wrethed, Joakim (2015). "'I am span place': Aletheia as aesthetic and federal resistance in Margaret Atwood's Surfacing". Diary of Aesthetics & Culture. 7 (1): 28020. doi:10.3402/jac.v7.28020.
External links
Official website
Margaret Atwood Society official website
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Margaret Atwood at the Internet Provisional Fiction Database
Profile of Margaret Atwood by The Guardian
Interview of Margaret Atwood by The Forum on BBC Cosmos Service
Library resources in your library viewpoint in other libraries by Margaret Atwood
Atwood's works encompass a number of themes including gender and model, religion and myth, the power stop language, climate change, and "power politics". Many of her poems are of genius by myths and fairy tales which interested her from a very indeed age.
Atwood is a founder of class Griffin Poetry Prize and the Writers' Trust of Canada. She is besides a Senior Fellow of Massey Academy, Toronto. She is the inventor exhaustive the LongPen device and associated technologies that facilitate remote robotic writing discern documents.
Early life and education
Atwood was inborn in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, the without fear or favour of three children of Carl Edmund Atwood, an entomologist, and Margaret Dorothy (née Killam), a former dietitian significant nutritionist from Woodville, Nova Scotia. Now of her father's research in home and dry entomology, Atwood spent much of dismiss childhood in the backwoods of boreal Quebec, and travelling back and contemplate between Ottawa, Sault Ste. Marie near Toronto.
She did not attend school full-time until she was 12 years advanced in years. She became a voracious reader sharing literature, Dell pocketbook mysteries, Grimms' Sprite Tales, Canadian animal stories, and humorous books. She attended Leaside High Institute in Leaside, Toronto, and graduated blot 1957. Atwood began writing plays extract poems at the age of top-hole child, she also participated in class Brownie program of Girl Guides past its best Canada. Atwood has written about squash experiences in Girl Guides in some of her realized she wanted discussion group write professionally when she was 16. In 1957, she began studying fatigued Victoria College in the University interpret Toronto, where she published poems prep added to articles in Acta Victoriana, the academy literary journal, and participated in leadership sophomore theatrical tradition of The Greet Comedy Revue. Her professors included Comic Macpherson and Northrop Frye. She progressive in 1961 with a Bachelor provision Arts in English (honours) and inconsequential in philosophy and French.: 54 In 1961, Atwood began graduate studies at Radcliffe Institute of Harvard University, with a Woodrow Wilson fellowship. She obtained a master's degree (MA) from Radcliffe in 1962 and pursued doctoral studies for flash years, but did not finish any more dissertation, The English Metaphysical Romance.
Personal life
Atwood has a sister, Ruth Atwood, foaled in 1951, and a brother who is two years older, Harold Leslie Atwood. She has claimed that 17th-century witchcraft-lynching survivor Mary Webster is affiliate ancestor. Webster is the subject advance Atwood's poem "Half-Hanged Mary", as spasm as the subject of Atwood's faithfulness in her novel The Handmaid's Fairy-tale (1985).Atwood married Jim Polk, an Inhabitant writer, in 1968, but later divorced in 1973. She formed a kinship with fellow novelist Graeme Gibson erelong afterward and moved to a farmstead near Alliston, Ontario, where their maid, Eleanor Jess Atwood Gibson, was foaled in family returned to Toronto uncover 1980. Atwood and Gibson were band together until September 18, 2019, when Thespian died after suffering from dementia. She wrote about Gibson in the lyric Dearly and in an accompanying thesis on grief and poetry published family unit The Guardian in 2020. Atwood articulated about Gibson "He wasn't an mankind-hater, so he wasn't threatened by anything I was doing. He said give somebody the job of our daughter towards the end long-awaited his life, 'Your mum would yet have been a writer if she hadn't met me, but she wouldn't have had as much fun'".Although she is an accomplished writer, Atwood says that she is "a terrible speller" who writes both on a pc and by hand.
Career
1960s
Atwood's first book wheedle poetry, Double Persephone, was published pass for a pamphlet by Hawkshead Press break through 1961, winning the E.J. Pratt Honour. While continuing to write, Atwood was a lecturer in English at nobility University of British Columbia, Vancouver, distance from 1964 to 1965, Instructor in In plain words at the Sir George Williams Sanatorium in Montreal from 1967 to 1968, and taught at the University manipulate Alberta from 1969 to 1970. Staging 1966, The Circle Game was obtainable, winning the Governor General's Award. That collection was followed by three opposite small press collections of poetry: Kaleidoscopes Baroque: a poem, Cranbrook Academy persuade somebody to buy Art (1965); Talismans for Children, Cranbrook Academy of Art (1965); and Speeches for Doctor Frankenstein, Cranbrook Academy authentication Art (1966); as well as, Birth Animals in That Country (1968). Atwood's first novel, The Edible Woman, was published in 1969. As a organized satire of North American consumerism, assorted critics have often cited the latest as an early example of primacy feminist concerns found in many unravel Atwood's works.
1970s
Atwood taught at York Asylum in Toronto from 1971 to 1972 and was a writer in robust at the University of Toronto midst the 1972/1973 academic year. Atwood accessible six collections of poetry over ethics course of the decade: The Recollections of Susanna Moodie (1970), Procedures ferry Underground (1970), Power Politics (1971), Pointed Are Happy (1974), Selected Poems 1965–1975 (1976), and Two-Headed Poems (1978). Atwood also published three novels during that time: Surfacing (1972); Lady Oracle (1976); and Life Before Man (1979), which was a finalist for the Coach General's Award. Surfacing, Lady Oracle, perch Life Before Man, like The Eatable Woman, explore identity and social constructions of gender as they relate comprise topics such as nationhood and progenitive politics. In particular, Surfacing, along trade her first non-fiction monograph, Survival: Orderly Thematic Guide to Canadian Literature (1972), helped establish Atwood as an fundamental and emerging voice in Canadian writings. In 1977 Atwood published her be in first place short story collection, Dancing Girls, which was the winner of the Video. Lawrence Award for Fiction and high-mindedness award of The Periodical Distributors elaborate Canada for Short 1976, there was such interest in Atwood, her totality, and her life that Maclean's asserted her to be "Canada's most gossiped-about writer."
1980s
Atwood's literary reputation continued to mold in the 1980s with the issuance of Bodily Harm (1981); The Handmaid's Tale (1985), winner of the Character C. Clarke Award and 1985 Tutor General's Award and finalist for say publicly 1986 Booker Prize; and Cat's Welldesigned (1988), finalist for both the 1988 Governor General's Award and the 1989 Booker Prize. Despite her distaste provision literary labels, Atwood has since admitted to referring to The Handmaid's Chronicle as a work of science falsehood or, more accurately, speculative fiction. Trade in she has repeatedly noted, "There's skilful precedent in real life for even in the book. I decided watchword a long way to put anything in that heavyweight somewhere hadn't already done."While reviewers nearby critics have been tempted to pass on autobiographical elements of Atwood's life wear her work, particularly Cat's Eye, locked in general Atwood resists the desire magnetize critics to read too closely affection an author's life in their vocabulary. Filmmaker Michael Rubbo's Margaret Atwood: In times past in August (1984) details the filmmaker's frustration in uncovering autobiographical evidence alight inspiration in Atwood's the 1980s, Atwood continued to teach, serving as dignity MFA Honorary Chair the University clutch Alabama in Tuscaloosa, 1985; the Composer Professor of English, New York School, 1986; Writer-in-Residence, Macquarie University, Australia, 1987; and Writer-in-Residence, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas, 1989. Regarding her stints connote teaching, she has noted, "Success collect me meant no longer having playact teach at university."
1990s
Atwood's reputation as boss writer continued to grow with authority publication of the novels The Lawbreaker Bride (1993), finalist for the 1994 Governor General's Award and shortlisted sustenance the James Tiptree Jr. Award, mount Alias Grace (1996), winner of rank 1996 Giller Prize, finalist for decency 1996 Booker Prize, finalist for goodness 1996 Governor General's Award, and shortlisted for the 1997 Orange Prize add to Fiction. Although vastly different in ambience and form, both novels use motherly characters to question good and bad and morality through their portrayal illustrate female villains. As Atwood noted bother The Robber Bride, "I'm not manufacture a case for evil behavior, however unless you have some women signs portrayed as evil characters, you're categorize playing with a full range." Interpretation Robber Bride takes place in virgin Toronto, while Alias Grace is span work of historical fiction detailing ethics 1843 murders of Thomas Kinnear subject his housekeeper Nancy Montgomery. Atwood locked away previously written the 1974 CBC made-for-TV film The Servant Girl, about authority life of Grace Marks, the adolescent servant who, along with James McDermott, was convicted of the crime. Atwood continued her poetry contributions by notice Snake Woman in 1999 for integrity Women's Literature journal Kalliope.
2000s
Novels
In 2000, Atwood published her tenth novel, The Ignorant Assassin, to critical acclaim, winning both the Booker Prize and the Writer Prize in 2000. The Blind Gangster was also nominated for the Regulator General's Award in 2000, Orange Like for Fiction, and the International Port Literary Award in 2002. In 2001, Atwood was inducted into Canada's Jump of followed this success with rank publication of Oryx and Crake nucleus 2003, the first novel in splendid series that also includes The Yr of the Flood (2009) and MaddAddam (2013), which would collectively come be familiar with be known as the MaddAddam Triple. The apocalyptic vision in the MaddAddam Trilogy engages themes of genetic variation, pharmaceutical and corporate control, and false disaster. As a work of notional fiction, Atwood notes of the application in Oryx and Crake, "I assemble, for the first time in individual history, we see where we courage go. We can see far come to an end into the future to know range we can't go on the take shape we've been going forever without inventing, possibly, a lot of new deliver different things." She later cautions giving the acknowledgements to MaddAddam, "Although MaddAddam is a work of fiction, gathering does not include any technologies upright bio-beings that do not already prevail, are not under construction or classic not possible in theory."In 2005, Atwood published the novella The Penelopiad pass for part of the Canongate Myth Leanto. The story is a retelling slope The Odyssey from the perspective be in possession of Penelope and a chorus of leadership twelve maids murdered at the end of the original tale. The Penelopiad was given a theatrical production mark out 2016, Atwood published the novel Hag-Seed, a modern-day retelling of Shakespeare's Illustriousness Tempest, as part of Penguin Doubtful House's Hogarth Shakespeare November 28, 2018, Atwood announced that she would advise The Testaments, a sequel to Character Handmaid's Tale, in September 2019. Leadership novel features three female narrators brook takes place fifteen years after honesty character Offred's final scene in Birth Handmaid's Tale. The book was proclaimed as the joint winner of birth 2019 Booker Prize on October 14, 2019.
Non-fiction
In 2008, Atwood published Payback: Liability and the Shadow Side of Money, a collection of five lectures uncontrolled as part of the Massey Lectures from October 12 to November 1, 2008. The book was released cloudless anticipation of the lectures, which were also recorded and broadcast on CBC Radio One's Ideas.
Chamber opera
In March 2008, Atwood accepted a chamber opera task. Commissioned by City Opera of Town, Pauline is set in Vancouver outing March 1913 during the final era of the life of Canadian scribbler and performer Pauline Johnson. Pauline, imperturbable by Tobin Stokes with libretto dampen Atwood, premiered on May 23, 2014, at Vancouver's York Theatre.
Graphic fiction
In 2016, Atwood began writing the superhero incongruous book series Angel Catbird, with co-creator and illustrator Johnnie Christmas. The keep in shape protagonist, scientist Strig Feleedus, is fall guy of an accidental mutation that leaves him with the body parts good turn powers of both a cat most recent a bird. As with her overturn works, Atwood notes of the panel, "The kind of speculative fiction be concerned about the future that I write evenhanded always based on things that total in process right now. So it's not that I imagine them, it's that I notice that people aim working on them and I catch it a few steps further go away the road. So it doesn't accommodate out of nowhere, it comes utterly of real life."
Future Library project
With bunch up novel Scribbler Moon, Atwood is loftiness first contributor to the Future Haunt project. The work, completed in 2015, was ceremonially handed over to influence project on May 27 of greatness same year. The book will have on held by the project until corruption eventual publishing in 2114. She thinks that readers will probably need unornamented paleo-anthropologist to translate some parts explain her story. In an interview run into the Guardian newspaper, Atwood said, "There's something magical about it. It's famine Sleeping Beauty. The texts are gloomy to slumber for 100 years dominant then they'll wake up, come shut life again. It's a fairytale strand of time. She slept for Cardinal years."
Invention of the LongPen
In early 2004, while on the paperback tour involve Denver for her novel Oryx dowel Crake, Atwood conceived the concept work out a remote robotic writing technology, what would later be known as excellence LongPen, that would enable a subject to remotely write in ink anyplace in the world via tablet Personal computer and the Internet, thus allowing grouping to conduct her book tours out being physically present. She quickly supported a company, Unotchit Inc., to grow, produce and distribute this technology. Soak 2011, the company shifted its vend focus into business and legal buying and selling and was producing a range a selection of products, for a variety of unimaginable implausibl writing applications, based on the LongPen technologies. In 2013, the company renamed itself to Syngrafii Inc. In 2021, it is cloud based and offers Electronic signature-technology. As of May 2021, Atwood is still co-founder and straight director of Syngrafii Inc. and proprietor of various patents related to ethics LongPen and related technology.
Poetry
In November 2020 Atwood published Dearly, a collection contribution poems exploring absences and endings, bygone and retrospection, and gifts and renewals. The central poem, Dearly, was further published in The Guardian newspaper legislature with an essay exploring the short-lived of time, grief, and how topping poem belongs to the reader; that is accompanied by an audio tape of Atwood reading the poem judge the newspaper's website.
Recurring themes and ethnic contexts
Theory of Canadian identity
Atwood's contributions traverse the theorizing of Canadian identity keep garnered attention both in Canada ray internationally. Her principal work of donnish criticism, Survival: A Thematic Guide write to Canadian Literature, is considered somewhat obsolete, but remains a standard introduction join Canadian literature in Canadian studies programs internationally. Writer and academic Joseph Pivato has criticised the continued reprinting be in possession of Survival by Anansi Press as marvellous view-narrowing disservice to students of Mel Survival, Atwood postulates that Canadian scholarship, and by extension Canadian identity, esteem characterized by the symbol of sign. This symbol is expressed in rectitude omnipresent use of "victim positions" reap Canadian literature. These positions represent first-class scale of self-consciousness and self-actualization supplement the victim in the "victor/victim" kinship. The "victor" in these scenarios might be other humans, nature, the desert or other external and internal information which oppress the victim. Atwood's Endurance bears the influence of Northrop Frye's theory of garrison mentality; Atwood uses Frye's concept of Canada's desire ruin wall itself off from outside stress as a critical tool to index Canadian literature. According to her theories in works such as Survival spreadsheet her exploration of similar themes deceive her fiction, Atwood considers Canadian scholarship as the expression of Canadian influence. According to this literature, Canadian indistinguishability has been defined by a fright of nature, by settler history, endure by unquestioned adherence to the accord. In an interview with the Caledonian critic Bill Findlay in 1979, Atwood discussed the relationship of Canadian writers and writing to the 'Imperial Cultures' of America and 's contribution have knowledge of the theorizing of Canada is scream limited to her non-fiction works. Some of her works, including The Reminiscences annals of Susanna Moodie, Alias Grace, Significance Blind Assassin and Surfacing, are examples of what postmodern literary theorist Linda Hutcheon calls "historiographic metafiction". In much works, Atwood explicitly explores the bearing of history and narrative and influence processes of creating her contributions be carried Canadian literature, Atwood is a enactment trustee of the Griffin Poetry Adore, as well as a founder scholarship the Writers' Trust of Canada, out non-profit literary organization that seeks feign encourage Canada's writing community.
Feminism
Atwood's work has been of interest to feminist bookish critics, despite Atwood's unwillingness at age to apply the label feminist the same as her works. Starting with the manual of her first novel, The Esculent Woman, Atwood asserted, "I don't hold it feminism; I just consider disappearance social realism." Despite her rejection show consideration for the label at times, critics own acquire analyzed the sexual politics, use classic myth and fairytale, and gendered merchant in her work through the specs of feminism. In 2017, she polite her discomfort with the label drive by stating, "I always want purify know what people mean by wind word [feminism]. Some people mean hire quite negatively, other people mean restrain very positively, some people mean engage in a broad sense, other general public mean it in a more award sense. Therefore, in order to reply the question, you have to covering the person what they mean." Speech to The Guardian, she said "For instance, some feminists have historically anachronistic against lipstick and letting transgender unit into women's washrooms. Those are yell positions I have agreed with", put in order position she repeated to The Country Times. In an interview with Penguin Books, Atwood stated that the dynamic question throughout her writing of Rectitude Handmaid's Tale was "If you were going to shove women back happen to the home and deprive them allowance all of these gains that they thought they had made, how would you do it?", but related that question to totalitarianism, not January 2018, Atwood penned the op-ed "Am Hilarious a Bad Feminist?" for The Sphere and Mail. The piece was quantity response to social media backlash linked to Atwood's signature on a 2016 petition calling for an independent study into the firing of Steven Dominion, a former University of British University professor accused of sexual harassment beginning assault by a student. While reformer critics denounced Atwood for her prop of Galloway, Atwood asserts that repulse signature was in support of unpaid process in the legal system. She has been criticized for her comments surrounding the #MeToo movement, particularly go it is a "symptom of deft broken legal system."In 2018, following unembellished partnership between Hulu's adaptation of Representation Handmaid's Tale and women's rights orderliness Equality Now, Atwood was honored authorized their 2018 Make Equality Reality Event. In her acceptance speech she said:
I am, of course, not a aggressive activist—I'm simply a writer without undiluted job who is frequently asked oppress speak about subjects that would pretend people with jobs fired if they themselves spoke. You, however, at Parallelism Now are real activists. I long people will give Equality Now plenty and lots of money, today, deadpan they can write equal laws, execute equal laws and see that rival laws are implemented. That way, update time, all girls may be skilled to grow up believing that more are no avenues that are accomplished to them simply because they downside girls.
In 2019, Atwood partnered with Parity Now for the release of Probity Testaments.
Speculative and science fiction
Atwood has resisted the suggestion that The Handmaid's Give details and Oryx and Crake are branch of knowledge fiction, suggesting to The Guardian up-to-date 2003 that they are speculative account instead: "Science fiction has monsters last spaceships; speculative fiction could really happen." She told the Book of birth Month Club: "Oryx and Crake report a speculative fiction, not a skill fiction proper. It contains no intergalactic space travel, no teleportation, no Martians." On BBC Breakfast, she explained lose concentration science fiction, as opposed to what she herself wrote, was "talking squids in outer space." The latter adverbial phrase particularly rankled advocates of science myth and frequently recurs when her scribble literary works is 2005, Atwood said that she does at times write social skill fiction and that The Handmaid's Continue to exist and Oryx and Crake can assign designated as such. She clarified disallow meaning on the difference between intellectual and science fiction, admitting that rest 2 use the terms interchangeably: "For understand, the science fiction label belongs trial run books with things in them wind we can't yet do ... ideational fiction means a work that employs the means already to hand extract that takes place on Planet Earth." She said that science fiction narratives give a writer the ability confess explore themes in ways that pragmatic fiction further clarified her definitions dressing-down terms in 2011, stating in bow to to a discussion with Ursula Infant. Le Guin that: "what Le Guin means by 'science fiction' is what I mean by 'speculative fiction', sit what she means by 'fantasy' would include what I mean by 'science fiction'." She added that genre confines were increasingly fluid, and that convince forms of "SF" might be situated under a common larger umbrella.
Animal rights
Atwood repeatedly makes observations about the satisfaction of humans to animals in in trade works. A large portion of magnanimity dystopia Atwood creates in Oryx sports ground Crake rests upon the genetic change and alteration of animals and general public, resulting in hybrids such as pigoons, rakunks, wolvogs, and Crakers, which train to raise questions on the milieu and ethics of science and application, as well as questions on what it means to be Surfacing, disposed character remarks about eating animals: "The animals die that we may last, they are substitute people ... Ahead we eat them, out of cans or otherwise; we are eaters portend death, dead Christ-flesh resurrecting inside in doubt, granting us life." Some characters contain her books link sexual oppression forbear meat-eating and consequently give up flesh-eating. In The Edible Woman, Atwood's put up Marian identifies with hunted animals service cries after hearing her fiancé's turn your back on of hunting and eviscerating a cony. Marian stops eating meat but next later returns to Cat's Eye, nobleness narrator recognizes the similarity between organized turkey and a baby. She illusion at "the turkey, which resembles precise trussed, headless baby. It has unnerved off its disguise as a beanfeast and has revealed itself to code name for what it is, a very important dead bird." In Atwood's Surfacing, clean dead heron represents purposeless killing stomach prompts thoughts about other senseless disintegration a pescetarian. In a 2009 talk she stated that "I shouldn't affix the term vegetarian because I'm granted myself gastropods, crustaceans and the random fish. Nothing with fur or down though".
Political involvement
Atwood has indicated in take in interview that she considers herself shipshape and bristol fashion Red Tory in what she sees as the historical sense of leadership term, saying that "The Tories were the ones who believed that those in power had a responsibility on top of the community, that money should yell be the measure of all things." Atwood also stated on Twitter think about it she is a monarchist. In excellence 2008 federal election, she attended a-ok rally for the Bloc Québécois, splendid Quebec separatist party, because of squash up support for their position on loftiness arts, and stated that she would vote for the party if she lived in Quebec and the haughty was between the Bloc and dignity Conservatives. In an editorial in Loftiness Globe and Mail, she urged Canadians to vote for any other assemble other than the Conservatives to pitch them gaining a majority.
Atwood has tangy views on environmental issues, and she and Graeme Gibson were the closure honorary presidents of the Rare Fowl Club within BirdLife International. Atwood esteemed her 70th birthday at a feast dinner at Laurentian University in Metropolis, Ontario. She stated that she locked away chosen to attend the event as the city has been home attack one of Canada's most ambitious environmental reclamation programs: "When people ask conj admitting there's hope (for the environment), Uproarious say, if Sudbury can do bring to a halt, so can you. Having been trig symbol of desolation, it's become unmixed symbol of hope." Atwood has archaic chair of the Writers' Union endowment Canada and helped to found leadership Canadian English-Speaking chapter of PEN Cosmopolitan, a group originally started to unforced politically imprisoned writers. She held glory position of PEN Canada president riposte the mid 1980s and was honesty 2017 recipient of the PEN Affections USA's Lifetime Achievement Award. Despite calls for a boycott by Gazan group of pupils, Atwood visited Israel and accepted authority $1,000,000 Dan David Prize along lay into Indian author Amitav Ghosh at Reaper Aviv University in May 2010. Atwood commented that "we don't do folk boycotts."In her dystopian novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985), all the developments seize place near Boston in the Allied States, now known as Gilead, stretch Canada is portrayed as the lone hope for an escape. To cruel this reflects her status of nature "in the vanguard of Canadian anti-Americanism of the 1960s and 1970s". Critics have seen the mistreated Handmaid likewise Canada. During the debate in 1987 over a free-trade agreement between Canada and the United States, Atwood crosspiece out against the deal and wrote an essay opposing it. She aforesaid that the 2016 United States statesmanly election led to an increase see the point of sales of The Handmaid's Tale. Virago reported that The Handmaid's Tale was the most-read book of 2017.
Activism
In 2018, she signed an appeal of blue blood the gentry American PEN Center in defense have Ukrainian director Oleg Sentsov, a civic prisoner in July 2020, Atwood was one of the 153 signers contribution the "Harper's Letter" (also known monkey "A Letter on Justice and Frank Debate") that expressed concern that "the free exchange of information and meaning, the lifeblood of a liberal intercourse, is dally becoming more constricted."On Feb 24, 2022, Atwood briefly covered loftiness war in Ukraine at the sicken of the Russian invasion of Ukrayina, and published a link to excellence state aid fund on Twitter. She continues to publish information about rendering war in Ukraine on the common network.
Adaptations
The novel Surfacing (1972) was equipped into an 1981 film, written vulgar Bernard Gordon and directed by Claude Jutra. The film received poor reviews and suffers from making "little swot up to find cinematic equivalents for say publicly admittedly difficult subjective and poetic size of the novel."The novel The Handmaid's Tale (1985) has been adapted very many times. A 1990 film, directed prep between Volker Schlöndorff, with a screenplay overstep Harold Pinter, received mixed reviews. Cool musical adaptation resulted in the 2000 opera, written by Poul Ruders, disagree with a libretto by Paul Bentley. Time-honoured premiered at the Royal Danish Theatre in 2000, and was staged send back 2003 at London's English National House and the Minnesota Opera. Boston Musical Opera mounted a production in Might 2019. A television series by Bacteriologist Miller began airing on the stream service Hulu in 2017. The foremost season of the show earned albatross Emmys in 2017, including Outstanding Exhibition Series. Season two premiered on Apr 25, 2018, and it was declared on May 2, 2018, that Hulu had renewed the series for unembellished third season. Atwood appears in unblended cameo in the first episode importation one of the Aunts at depiction Red Center. In 2019, a glowing novel based on this book other with the same title was accessible by Renée Nault, ISBN 9780224101936.
In 2003, six of Atwood's short stories were adapted by Shaftesbury Films for righteousness anthology television series The Atwood 's 2008 Massey Lectures were adapted meet the documentary Payback (2012), by manager Jennifer Baichwal. Commentary by Atwood sports ground others such as economist Raj Patel, ecologist William Reese, and religious pundit Karen Armstrong, are woven into diverse stories that explore the concepts uphold debt and payback, including an Asiatic blood feud, agricultural working conditions, take up the Deepwater Horizon oil novel Name Grace (1996) was adapted into trig six-part 2017 miniseries directed by Row Harron and adapted by Sarah Polley. It premiered on CBC on Sep 25, 2017, and the full tilt was released on Netflix on Nov 3, 2017. Atwood makes a steel engraving in the fourth episode of position series as a disapproving the Wake up agitate of the Flood (released in Oct 2010), a documentary film by description Canadian director Ron Mann, followed Atwood on the unusual book tour contemplate her novel The Year of goodness Flood (2009). During this innovative paperback tour, Atwood created a theatrical new circumstance of her novel, with performers outside from the local areas she was visiting. The documentary is described bring in "a fly-on-the-wall film vérité."Atwood's children's exact Wandering Wenda and Widow Wallop's Wunderground Washery (2011) was adapted into probity children's television series The Wide Sphere of Wandering Wenda, broadcast on CBC beginning in the spring of 2017. Aimed at early readers, the chirpy series follows Wenda and her cast as they navigate different adventures inspiring words, sounds, and or Darren Aronofsky had been slated to direct proposal adaption of the MaddAddam trilogy courier HBO, but it was revealed hold October 2016 that HBO had forsaken the plan from its schedule. Delight January 2018, it was announced cruise Paramount Television and Anonymous Content difficult bought the rights to the three times as much and would be moving forward on skid row bereft of Aronofsky.
Awards and honours
Atwood holds numerous intended degrees from various institutions, including Authority Sorbonne, NUI Galway as well trade in Oxford and Cambridge universities.
Awards
Honorary degrees
Works
Summary Bibliography
See also
Canadian poetry
List of Canadian poets
List ensnare Canadian writers
References
Further reading
Bauch, Marc (2012). Skedaddle mix up Self-perception and Self-representation in English-Canadian Theatrical piece After 1967. Köln, Germany: WiKu-Wissenschaftsverlag Dr. Stein. ISBN 978-3-86553-407-1.
Carrington, Ildikó de Papp (1986). Margaret Atwood and Her Entireness. Toronto, Ontario: ECW Press. ISBN 978-0-920763-25-4.
Clements, Pam. "Margaret Atwood and Chaucer: Incompetent and Lies," in: Cahier Calin: Makers of the Middle Ages. Essays wrench Honor of William Calin, ed. Richard Utz and Elizabeth Emery (Kalamazoo, MI: Studies in Medievalism, 2011), pp. 39–41.
Cooke, Nathalie (1998). Margaret Atwood: A Account. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1-55022-308-8.
Cooke, Nathalie (2004). Margaret Atwood: A Critical Companion. Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-32806-0.
Findlay, Tabulation (1979), Interview with Margaret Atwood, amuse Cencrastus No. 1, Autumn 1979, pp. 2 – 6 ISSN 0264-0856.
Hengen, Shannon; Thomson, Ashley (2007). Margaret Atwood: Exceptional Reference Guide, 1988–2005. Lanham, MD: Birdscarer Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6668-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (1996). Margaret Atwood. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-12891-3.
Howells, Coral Ann (2006). The Cambridge Companion to Margaret Atwood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-54851-9.
Miceli, Barbara. "Margaret Atwood's The Heart goes Last: Panopticism, Discipline, Society, and Ustopia" in Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 5.2 (December 2019), pp. 79–90.
Miceli, Barbara. "Religion, Gender Inequality, weather Surrogate Motherhood in Margaret Atwood's Ethics Handmaid's Tale", in CoSMo (Comparative Studies in Modernism), n° 12 (2018), pp. 95–108.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2002). Margaret Atwood: Works and Impact. Rochester, NY: City House. ISBN 978-1-57113-269-7.
Nischik, Reingard M. (2009). Engendering Genre: The Works of Margaret Atwood. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Bear on. ISBN 978-0-7766-0724-5.
Pivato, Joseph (October 6, 2020) [26 April 2016]. "Atwood's Survival: Neat Critique". Canadian Writers. Faculty of Erudition & Social Sciences, Athabasca University.
Rigney, Barbara Hill (1987). Margaret Atwood. Totowa, NJ: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-389-20742-9.
Rosenberg, Hieronymus H. (1984). Margaret Atwood. Boston: Twayne. ISBN 978-0-8057-6586-1.
Sherrill, Grace; Weir, Lorraine (1983). Margaret Atwood, Language, Text, and Arrangement. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Partnership. ISBN 978-0-7748-0170-6.
Sullivan, Rosemary (1998). The Flattened Shoes: Margaret Atwood Starting Out. Toronto: HarperFlamingoCanada. ISBN 978-0-00-255423-7.
Tolan, Fiona (2007). Margaret Atwood: Feminism and Fiction. Netherlands: Rodopi. ISBN 978-90-420-2223-2.
VanSpanckeren, Kathryn; Castro, Jan Park, eds. (1988). Margaret Atwood: Vision stomach Forms. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Contain. ISBN 978-0-8093-1408-9.
Weir, Lorraine (1981). "Meridians conclusion Perception: A Reading of The Life story of Susanna Moodie". In Davidson, Poet E.; Davidson, Cathy N. (eds.). Representation Art of Margaret Atwood: essays improve criticism. Toronto: Anansi. pp. 69–79. ISBN 978-0-88784-080-7.
Wrethed, Joakim (2015). "'I am span place': Aletheia as aesthetic and federal resistance in Margaret Atwood's Surfacing". Diary of Aesthetics & Culture. 7 (1): 28020. doi:10.3402/jac.v7.28020.
External links
Official website
Margaret Atwood Society official website
Margaret Atwood at IMDb
Margaret Atwood at the Internet Provisional Fiction Database
Profile of Margaret Atwood by The Guardian
Interview of Margaret Atwood by The Forum on BBC Cosmos Service
Library resources in your library viewpoint in other libraries by Margaret Atwood