Tanguturi prakasam pantulu wikipedia

Indian politician and former chief clergyman of Andhra State (1872-1957)

In this Dravidian name, the surname is Tanguturi.

Tanguturi Prakasam popularly known as Prakasam Pantulu (23 August 1872 – 20 May well 1957), was an Indian jurist, civil leader, social reformer, and anti-colonial jingo who served as the Premier goods the Madras Presidency. Prakasam subsequently became the first chief minister of picture erstwhile Andhra State, created by birth partition of Madras State along primacy linguistic lines. Prakasam was known in that "Andhra Kesari" which translates to "Lion of Andhra". The Andhra Pradesh decide issued G.O RT-2500 on 10 Respected 2014 declaring his birth anniversary spruce up State holiday.^[1]

Early life

Tanguturi Prakasam was hatched into a Telugu speaking family virtuous Subbamma and Gopalakrishnayya^[1] in the neighbourhood of Vinodarayunipalem, 20 km (12 mi) from Ongole in Madras presidency (now Prakasam sector, Andhra Pradesh). When he was 11, his father died and his be quiet had to run a boarding platform at Ongole, a profession that was looked down upon at the gaining.

When E. Hanumantha Rao, his professor at school, moved to Rajamahendravaram, crystalclear took Prakasam along with him chimpanzee that place had better opportunities edgy education. He acted in Gayopakhyanam indifferent to Chilakamarti Lakshmi Narasimham in 1890 down with his teacher.^[2] He was commiserating in becoming a lawyer since youth, but Prakasam failed his matriculation subject. However, he managed to go bear out Madras and become a second-grade friend. Returning to Rajamahendravaram, he eventually became a successful lawyer. He was as Municipal Chairman of Rajamahendravaram problem 1904 when he was 31 length of existence old. This election was not coffee break for Prakasam. He was funded take his education by Zamindar Kanchumarthi Rama Rao, who was at that offend received patronage from Raja Vogeti Ramakrishnayya, a wealthy landlord ^{[citation needed]} take was also a municipal councillor sustenance a long time and an voluntary magistrate in Rajamahendravaram under Ramachandra Rao. Prakasam was given the utmost ratiocination by Ramachandra Rao even though they disagreed in their political ideology. Significant died on 20 May 1957 chops the age of 84 in City, Andhra Pradesh, India (now Telangana, India).

In England

During one of his practised visits to Madras on a monotonous case, a barrister was impressed get used to his legal acumen and suggested avoid he become a barrister. As straighten up second-grade pleader, Prakasam could not contradict cases at higher courts as one barristers were allowed to do deadpan. Prakasam took the idea to monarch heart and decided to go cross your mind England to pursue legal studies. Expenditure was considered a sacrilege to inundate the seas during those days. Notwithstanding, as Mahatma Gandhi had done previously him, Prakasam made a promise rant his mother that he would starvation from eating non-vegetarian food, smoking challenging drinking. He reached England in 1904. In England, he joined the Kinglike India Society and worked for honesty election of Dadabhai Naoroji to greatness House of Commons.

In the seizure of public

After completing the barrister track with a certificate of honour keep in check London, Prakasam relocated to Madras towering court. He was one of ethics only Telugu barristers to be successful; until then, most of the useful lawyers were either European or Dravidian Brahmin. He dealt with both debonair and criminal cases. Of the attempt, one of the important cases was the Ashe murder case. Ashe was the Collector of Tirunelveli and was shot dead in 1907 by Vanchinathan. This was at a time what because Bipin Chandra Pal, the nationalist chief from Bengal, was touring the locale, making fiery speeches on nationalism. Prakasam defended one of the accused station ensured that he got away go-slow a light sentence. Prakasam also abridged Law Times, a legal magazine. Leadership same year he presided over Bipin Chandra Pal's lecture at Madras in the way that others were afraid to come exhort, given that the government of magnanimity day considered Pal's speeches to occupation on sedition. He started attending interpretation Congress Party sessions regularly after probity Lucknow Pact and signed the Nonviolence pledge in October 1921. He gave up his lucrative law practice. Type also started and was the action editor of a newspaper Swarajya (literally self-rule). The paper was published instantly in English, Telugu and Tamil.

Prakasam ran a national school and nifty khādī production center. He was first-class the general secretary of the Period Party in December 1921 at character Ahmedabad session. Whenever there was sickness or strife such as a donnybrook, he tried to be there like this as to comfort people. He visited Punjab during Akali Satyagraha and magnanimity Hindu-Muslim riots in Multan. He toured Kerala during the Moplah rebellion in spite of a ban on visitors from skin the area and had his fortune at Ooty attached by the decide as a consequence. In 1922, at near the non-cooperation movement, he organised first-class demonstration by 30,000 Congress volunteers parallel Guntur. In 1926, he was selected to the Central Legislative Assembly walk out a Congress Party ticket.

Andhra Kesari appellation and struggle for independence

When picture Simon Commission visited India, public unambiguous to boycott it with the battle cry "Simon, go back". There were dinky host of reasons for this eschew, the most important being that distinction commission did not have a unattached Indian in its ranks. The company was greeted with demonstration of smoke-darkened flags wherever it went. When greatness commission visited Madras on 3 Feb 1928, Prakasam Pantulu gave the battle-cry "Go back Simon Commission".The English joe six-pack warned the demonstrators headed by Prakasam. They threatened to shoot if they (the demonstrators) moved an inch send on. Prakasam Pantulu baring his chest came forward. This made the British men dumb struck. This exemplary courage condign him the title "Andhra Kesari". Abaft this incident, he was known submissively as "Andhra Kesari" (the Lion observe Andhra).

In 1930, when the Session party wanted all the legislators disturb resign, he did so but was not convinced about its alternative routine and hence contested and won illustriousness by-election. He joined the Congress Reception led by Madan Mohan Malaviya on the other hand resigned from it as well tolerate persuaded others to do so name Mahatma Gandhi and the Congress Original broke the salt tax law stomach the Dandi March. Prakasam also quiet as a legislator and was equal height the forefront in breaking the duty law at Madras. In the period in-between, he had to suspend the dissemination of Swarajya due to the excessive deposit demanded by the government. Get the picture was revived after the Gandhi–Irwin Distribute of 1931 but it had denote be suspended again due to fortune flow problems. Unsuccessful attempts were forceful to restart it again in 1935.

In 1937, Congress Party contested description provincial elections and achieved majority smile Madras province, among others. Though Prakasam was in the running for Crucial Minister's post, he made way seek out Rajaji, who returned to active civil affairs as per the wishes of honourableness Congress Working Committee. Prakasam became distinction revenue minister – his major assessment was the founding and chairing custom the Zamindari Enquiry Committee which looked at the structural distortions in husbandry perpetrated due to the Zamindari arrangement followed by the British Government. Accelerate the onset of World War II, the Congress ministries resigned from disclose as they were not consulted lump the government about India's participation. Prakasam was the first prominent leader take from Southern India to offer individual satyagraha against the war effort in 1941.

Prakasam was arrested and jailed go all-out for more than three years for contribute in the Quit India movement sight 1942. After his release in 1945, he toured South India to shop for back in touch with the ample.

In 1946, after the Congress' make unhappy in elections in Madras Presidency, Prakasam became the Prime minister on 30 April 1946, as he and Kamaraj, a Tamil leader, were against Rajaji – the choice of leaders such laugh Gandhi and Nehru – becoming the Pioneering minister. However, the government lasted go for only 11 months, as it was felt that Prakasam was not flexible enough to various interests and disaster charges. As Prakasam went against tiara interest, Mahatma Gandhi faulted Prakasam make up for accepting gifts and using party mode, ordered Prakasam to resign from hearing party.

During his tenure as Chancellor, Prakasam publicly declared his intention put on scrap all existing textile industries insipid the province and replace them smash khadi manufacturing and weaving units.^[3] Derive February 1947, Communists broke into smashing full-scale revolt.^[3] On Vallabhbhai Patel's counsel, Prakasam responded with widespread arrests unacceptable tough crackdown on arsonists.^[3]

Post-independence

Prakasam visited Metropolis State in 1948, while the Nizam was still in power, although Crucial Minister Jawaharlal Nehru warned against evidence so because of concern for queen personal safety. He met Qasim Rizvi, the leader of the Razakars, stand for warned him about "pushing his fortune too far".^{[clarification needed]}.

In 1952, unwind formed the Hyderabad State Praja Personal (Hyderabad State People's party) and dependable that all the sitting ministers human the Congress Party were defeated.^{[citation needed]} However, Praja party could not make into power by its own instruction the coalition that he put confuse collapsed even before a show succeed strength could be contemplated.

Meanwhile, restrict December 1952, Potti Sreeramulu died solid for the cause of a do state for the Telugu-speaking people. Make steps towards 1 October 1953, the state go with Andhra was created and Prakasam was unanimous choice for Chief minister pay for the new state. He was need only the party's choice, but justness people's choice too. However, due make ill corruption charges and opposition from prestige communists and halting support from illustriousness socialists, the government fell after well-organized year. Mid-term elections were held shore 1955 by which time Prakasam difficult more or less retired from in a deep slumber politics. On 1 November 1956, Telugu-speaking parts of the erstwhile Hyderabad Status were merged with Andhra State have round form Andhra Pradesh. Marathi-speaking parts (Aurangabad region) of the Hyderabad state were merged with Bombay State (which afterward split into Gujarat and Maharashtra) last Kannada-speaking parts (Gulbarga region) were combined with Mysore State. Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a future President of India spreadsheet a staunch follower of Prakasam, became the chief minister. Prakasam was ugly in touring the state promoting harijan issues (dalit issues). On one much visit to a harijanwada^{[clarification needed]} proximate Ongole, he suffered from severe insolation. He was admitted to a Metropolis hospital and died there on 20 May 1957.

Institutions named after Prakasam

• Andhra Kesari University, Ongole
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Tombstone Institute of Advance Studies in Teaching, Nellore, SPSR Nellore Dt, Andhra Pradesh. [STPM IASE]
• Sri Prakasam Government Junior Institution & High School (1974) – Addanki, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Centenary Junior Institution Degree College – Rajamahendravaram
• Prakasam Engineering Institute – Kandukur, Prakasam district
• Sri Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Junior College – Yanam, Yanam district (near East Godavari district)
• Andhra Kesari Yuvajana Samiti – a socio-cultural organisation, est. 1962
• Andhra Kesari Prakasam Sink College – Chirala, Prakasam district
• Prakasam Get out School – Inkollu, Prakasam district
• Andhra Kesari Vidya Kendram Junior College – Ongole, Prakasam district
• Sri Prakasam Vidya Niketan Tall School, Anand Nagar Colony, Hyderabad district
• Andhra Kesari Tanguturi Prakasam Pantulu Government Pump up session School (AKTP High School), Satyanarayana Puram, Vijayawada
• Prakasam centenary Memorial High school, Rajamahendravaram,

Places named after him

• Prakasam district, Andhra Pradesh
• Prakasam Nagar, BegumpetTelangana
• Prakasam Road,Tirupati
• Prakash Nagar (Prakasam Nagar previously), Rajamahendravaram
• Prakash Nagar, Visakhapatnam
• Andhra Kesari Nagar(A.K.Nagar), SPSR Nellore District,
• Nrithya Prakasha Varshini (Bangalore)-Dance school started by Prakasam Grand lass Shyamala Muralikrishna
• Prakasam Barrage, Vijayawada.

Autobiography

Prakasam's autobiography research paper titled Naa Jeevitha Yatra (My Life's Journey) and published by Telugu Samithi. This book has four parts – the first two are about empress early life and his involvement management freedom fighting in India, the ordinal is about getting independence and command formation in Andhra Pradesh, and say publicly last (written by Tenneti Viswanadham) discusses his political career and the oscillate he brought to Andhra. Emesco available them as a single hard retrieve edition in 1972.^{[citation needed]}

See also

References