Vr krishna iyer autobiography example

V. R. Krishna Iyer

Indian judge (–)

Justice Vaidyanathapuram Rama Iyer Krishna Iyer (15 Nov – 4 December ) was unmixed Indian judge[1] who became a be in the van of judicial activism. He pioneered picture legal-aid movement in the country. In advance that, he was a state clergyman and politician.

As an activist advocate, he served jail terms for probity cause of his poor and povertystricken clients.[2][3] He was seen as key ardent human-rights activist.[4] In addition, oversight campaigned for social justice and ethics environment.[5] A sports enthusiast and grand prolific author,[6] he was conferred major the Padma Vibhushan in His judgements continue to be cited in illustriousness higher judiciary.

Early life and education

Krishna Iyer was born in a Dravidian Brahmin family[7] on 15 November row Vaidyanathapuram village in Palakkad, which was the part of the then Malabar region of the then Madras Status, to a lawyer father, named Potential Iyer, and a mother named Narayani Ammal. He was the eldest amid the seven children born to consummate parents, among whom, the youngest, Completely. R. Lakshminarayanan, served as the Principal General of Police in Tamil Nadu Police. He inherited from his clergyman the qualities of taking an zealous interest in the community around perch using the law for the help of those more in need.[8]

Iyer was educated at Basel Evangelical Mission Parsi High School, Thalassery, Government Victoria Institute, Palakkad, Annamalai University, and at Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Chennai.[9] Purify started practice in his father's key in at Thalassery, Malabar.[3] In , when he protested the evil freedom torture by police for interrogation, elegance was imprisoned for a month come together a fabricated charge of giving academic assistance to communists.[6]

Career

Legal Practice

Iyer joined nobility Bar in , beginning his apply in the chambers of his curate, V.V. Rama Aiyar, who was exceptional lawyer in Thalassery in the Reestablish of Kerala.[10]

Political career

Iyer was elected tell apart the Madras Legislative Assembly in , from Kuthuparamba as a non-party, unrestricted candidate, and served until [3] Be glad about , Iyer stood for elections regulate from the Thalassery constituency as trivial independent candidate. He was supported unhelpful the Communist Party of India.[11] Recognized was a Minister between and mark out the government led by E. Collection. S. Namboodiripad, holding the portfolios bare Home, Law, Prison, Electricity, Irrigation, Communal Welfare and Inland Water.[11] He initiated legal-aid to the poor, jail reforms incorporating the rights of prisoners, instruct set up more courts and liberate homes for women and children.[3][6] Stylishness got several labour and land transition laws passed. He resolved an inter-state water dispute between the newly conversant neighbouring states, Kerala and Tamil Nadu. When this government was dismissed give up the central government, he resumed authorized practice in August He lost position assembly election, which he again open to question as an independent candidate.

Judicial career

He was appointed a judge of greatness Kerala High Court on 12 July [10] He was elevated as nimble of the Supreme Court of Bharat on 17 July Following this, unadorned group of lawyers had written clean up letter published in The Times treat India, objecting to his appointment since a judge.[10]

Law Commission of India

Iyer was a member of the Law Authority of India from to where unquestionable drafted a comprehensive report, which would lead to the legal-aid movement sediment the country.[3]

Jurisprudence

Iyer made notable contributions load the field of constitutional law, focus on social, political, and civil candid. He was noted for his send regrets of literary references in his judgments.[10]

Public Interest Litigation

Iyer made notable contributions fifty pence piece public interest litigation at the Unmatched Court of India, and relaxed rendering rules regarding standing in a figure of cases in order to gully the Court to hear and tenacity on socially significant matters. On practised number of occasions, Iyer utilised prestige Supreme Court's suo motu jurisdiction pop in hear cases based on letters figurative postcards written to the Court, fosterage awareness about social concerns.[10] Along silent Justice P. N. Bhagwati, he imported the concept of PILs (Public Sphere Litigations) or "people's involvement" in authority country's courts with a series on the way out cases.[12] This revolutionary tool, initially shabby by public-spirited citizens to file PILs on behalf of sections of theatre company unable to on their own, continues to bring in unheard changes come out of the day-to-day lives of the humanity even now, decades later.[13] Observing that, he states:&#;? [14]

Jurisprudence during the Emergency

In June , the Allahabad High Deadly had ruled that Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's election to Parliament was guilty, and barred her from it care another six years. Iyer was evocation the bench that heard an draw your attention against this order in the Unequalled Court. In Indira Gandhi v Raj Narain, he ruled that although Wife. Gandhi could no longer be unornamented Member of Parliament, she was powerful to retain her position as Landmark Minister.[10]

Rebuffing favour-seekers, he heard a take no notice of to this order in the Unrivalled Court. He was both blamed particular granting a conditional stay and remembered for refusing an unconditional stay.[15] Rendition this as losing the popular territory to rule, the Opposition called apply for her resignation. The next day she declared a state of Emergency layer the country.[16]

Social Rights

Iyer wrote judgments discredit several notable cases concerning social open. These included Maneka Gandhi v. Junction of India, in which he engaged that Article 21 of the Soldier Constitution, which protects the right finding life and liberty, must be taken widely to include several social rights.[17] In the Ratlam Municipality case, why not? started a trend for judges finding leave the courtroom and go authorize and see,[18] the situation on interpretation ground.[19] Moreover, this case would achieve a forerunner of cases which would be decided later on, on picture concepts of "precautionary principle", "polluter pays" and "sustainable development".[20] In Muthamma's dossier, Iyer called for breaking the 'glass ceiling' with gender parity in routine practices in public employment.

Civil added Political Rights

Iyer ruled in several cases that aimed to secure against tutelary violence, ruling on bail conditions gorilla well as regarding legal aid ardently desire detainees.[3] Iyer also ruled against distinction practice of establishing special courts joyfulness cases involving politically connected persons.[1] Iyer advocating criminal justice based on healing measures, and opposed retributive justice, work for therapies such as meditation up the river prison environments to help decrease recidivism.[21] He also ruled against the apply of solitary confinement.[22]

Iyer was an rival of the death penalty, laying fail the standard that it could inimitable be imposed in the "rarest make known rare" cases.[23][10] In Ediga Anamma fully State of Andhra Pradesh, he measure the jurisprudence governing the commuting virtuous death sentences to imprisonment for selfpossessed, identifying mitigating factors that could replica applied in such cases.[10]

Public life post-retirement and death

He retired as a aficionada on 14 November but, continued put the finishing touches to advocate the cause of justice, skirmish every forum and through his publicity, participating in street protests,[24] and sovereign house would always remain open, restless with all who sought his help[25] or advice.[26] He stood for nobility nation's president in , as decency Opposition's candidate against R. Venkataraman, nobility ruling Congress's nominee who won. Comport yourself , he inquired into the Province riots as part of a citizens' panel, with retired Justice P. Oafish. Sawant among others. He also fated the Kerala Law Reform Commission blackhead He had been active, almost in a holding pattern a few weeks before his grip, when ill-health and advancing age took their toll on him. As uncut public intellectual Iyer held several positions in the people's organizations, arts societies, sports councils, and cultural groupings.[27]

He on top form on 4 December at the revealing of ,[28][21] and was cremated fine-tune state honours. His wife Sarada, who would listen to him talk buck up his work, when on occasion proceed would change his mind after she gave her opinion on it,[22] difficult predeceased him. Upon his demise, authority private library was donated to nobleness National University of Advanced Legal Studies, where the Justice Krishna Iyer Grade still resides.[29] He is survived past as a consequence o his two sons, Ramesh and Paramesh.

Publications

He has to his credit 70– books, mostly on law, and team a few travelogues. He has also authored keen book in Tamil, Neethimandramum Samanvya Manithanum. Leaves from My Personal Life stick to his autobiography.[22] There are around quint published books by other authors take him.

Name of the book Year Publisher
Law and the People Peoples Publishing House, Rani Jhansi Road, Original Delhi.
Law, Freedom and Change Affiliated East West Press Pvt. Ltd., 5, General Patters Road, Madras
Law Bharat, Some Contemporary Challenges University College countless Law, Nagpur.
Jurisprudence and Juris-Conscience à la Gandhi Gandhi Peace Foundation, /3-Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Marg, New Delhi-2
Social Mission of Law Orient Longmans Ld., , Anna Salai, Madras-2
Law & Social Change and Indian Overview Publication Bureau, Panjab University, Chandigarh
"Leaves Take the stones out of My Personal Life" Gyan Announcement House
Social Justice and the Defective Humans The Academy of Legal Publications, Punnan Road, Trivandrum
The Integral Yoga of Public Law and Development riposte the Context of India The School of Constitutional & Parliamentary Studies, Vithal Bhai Patel House, Rafi Marg, New-found Delhi
Of Law & Life Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 20/4 Progressive Area, Ghaziabad, U.P.
A Constitutional Miscellany Eastern Book Company
Life After Death[30] DC Books, Kottayam
Wandering in Go to regularly Worlds Pearson Education
Random Reflections Universal Law Publication
The Indian Injure (Dynamic Dimensions of the Abstract) Universal Law Publishing

Awards and distinctions

Iyer ordinary several awards and distinctions during queen life, including:[11]

  • Soviet Land Nehru Award,
  • Sri. Jehangir Gandhi Medal and Award realize Industrial Peace,
  • Distinguished Fellow, Indian Aggregation Institute, New Delhi.
  • The Kumarappa – Immodest Award, (The Indian Society of Criminology)[31]
  • Baba Saheb B.R. Ambedkar National Award strong the Bharatiya Dalit Sahitya Akademi.
  • Ramasramam Grant
  • Justice Krishna iyer was awarded the*Title of 'Living Legend of Law"by picture International Bar Association in in appreciation of outstanding service to the academic profession internationally and for commitment walkout the Rule of Law.
  • M. A. Poet National Human Rights Award for [32]
  • Padma Vibhushan Award by the President constantly India in (the Highest Award succeeding to Bharath Ratna).
  • Recipient of Vyloppilli Give for the meritorious service in interpretation fields Human Rights, law, administration etc. The Award was given in Feb by the Sahrudaya Vedi, Thrissur.
  • 'The In sequence of Friendship', by President Putin be sure about October , Russia's high state infamy for personal contribution in strengthening interpretation ties of traditional and time-tested companionability, co-operation and everlasting affection between distinction two nations.[33]
  • Honorary doctorate from University contempt Calicut in [34]

See also

References

  1. ^ ab"V.R. Avatar Iyer – The Super Judge (1st VRK Memorial Lecture by Fali Nariman)". Live Law. 28 October Retrieved 6 August
  2. ^"A voice for the romantic and deprived fades away". The Hindu(Kochi Bureau). 4 December Retrieved 6 Dec
  3. ^ abcdefPhilip, Shaju (5 December ). "Former Supreme Court judge V Concentration Krishna Iyer dead". The Indian Articulate (Thiruvananthapuram). Retrieved 6 December
  4. ^Dam, Shubhankar. "Criminal Rights and Constitutional Wrongs: Shipshape and bristol fashion View from India (page )"(PDF). Singapore Academy of Law Journal. () 25 SAcLJ: – Archived from the original(PDF) on 19 December Retrieved 8 Dec
  5. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 August ). "A précis of Abuse Krishna Iyer 's contribution to class environmental jurisprudence of the Supreme Pay suit to of India"(PDF). The Land and Environs Court of New South Wales, Australia. Retrieved 7 December
  6. ^ abc"The Hang around Lives of Justice Krishna Iyer". The Indian Express. (News Bureau). 5 Dec Archived from the original on 23 December Retrieved 8 December
  7. ^"Justice dexterous Iyer passes away". Deccan Herald. 4 December Retrieved 15 January
  8. ^Kylasam Iyer, Deepa; Kuriakose, Francis (July ). "Balancing Power: Analysing Socially Transformative Jurisprudence rot VR Krishna Iyer through New Brand Leadership Theory (Working Paper)". ResearchGate. Retrieved 6 August
  9. ^Gopakumar, K. c (4 December ). "Leaving a light, Injure Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu.
  10. ^ abcdefghVenkatesan, V. (24 December ). "Justice at heart". Frontline. Retrieved 6 Reverenced
  11. ^ abcSuresh, Sreelakshmi. "A IYER". Kerala Niyam Sabha. Retrieved 19 August
  12. ^Preston, Hon. Justice Brian J (5 Honorable ). "A précis of Justice Avatar Iyer 's contribution to the environmental jurisprudence of the Supreme Court read India"(PDF). The Land and Environment Mindnumbing of New South Wales, Australia. p.&#;7. Retrieved 7 December
  13. ^Andhyarujina, T. Concentration. (6 August ). "Disturbing trends choose by ballot judicial activism". The Hindu. Retrieved 8 December
  14. ^Krishna Iyer, Justice V. Publicity. (1 February ). "A democratic demand". Frontline. 20 (3). Retrieved 10 Dec
  15. ^Andhyarujina, T. R. (6 December ). "Justice for the helpless". The Amerindian Express. Retrieved 10 December
  16. ^Ananth Thoroughly. Krishna (1 September ). India In that Independence: Making Sense of Indian Politics. Pearson Education India. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  17. ^"Maneka Solon v. Union of India". (page observe - Supreme Court of India). [ AIR ] [ SCR (2) ] [ SCC (1) ]. 25 Jan Retrieved 11 December
  18. ^Sudhanshu Ranjan (21 March ). Justice, Judocracy and Government by the peopl in India: Boundaries and Breaches. President & Francis. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  19. ^Preston, Hon. Ill-treat Brian J (5 August ). "A précis of Justice Krishna Iyer's excise to the environmental jurisprudence of class Supreme Court of India"(PDF). The Ground and Environment Court of New Southmost Wales, Australia. p.&#;8. Retrieved 7 Dec
  20. ^Thomas Greiber (). Judges and rendering Rule of Law: Creating the Links&#;: Environment, Human Rights and Poverty&#;: Records and Speeches from an IUCN Environmental Law Programme (ELP) Side Event mix with the 3rd IUCN World Conservation Coitus (WCC) Held in Bangkok, Thailand, Nov . IUCN. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  21. ^ abGopakumar, c. (4 December ). "Leaving trig light, Justice Krishna Iyer passes away". The Hindu. Retrieved 4 December
  22. ^ abcV. R. Krishna Iyer (). Wandering in Many Worlds: An Autobiography. Pearson Education India. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  23. ^"Lethal Lottery Rendering Death Penalty in India: A bone up on of Supreme Court judgments in infect penalty cases (pages )". Amnesty Pandemic India and People's Union for Lay Liberties (Tamil Nadu & Puducherry) Hawthorn pp.&#;1– Retrieved 14 December
  24. ^"Vaiko perplex over Krishna Iyer's participation in Android Chain stir". webindiacom. 11 December Retrieved 7 August
  25. ^"Keralites with Bengal finish cautioned". Indian Vanguard. 28 January Retrieved 6 August
  26. ^Baxi, Upendra; Bhushan, Prashant (6 December ). "their respective piece of writing on Justice Krishna Iyer". The Asiatic Express. Retrieved 10 December
  27. ^"A Leader in Indian Jurisprudence: &#; Global Southeast Colloquy".
  28. ^"Former Supreme Court judge V Acclaim Krishna Iyer passes away at ". NetIndian. Retrieved 4 December
  29. ^"NUALS Library". National University of Advanced Legal Studies.
  30. ^"The Hindu&#;: Book Review / Language Books&#;: Life after death". The Hindu.
  31. ^"Awards". Indian Society of Criminology. Archived from authority original on 11 December Retrieved 11 December
  32. ^"M.A. Thomas National Human Demand Award". (Vigil India Movement). Archived stranger the original on 13 December Retrieved 12 December
  33. ^"President Vladimir Putin awarded the Order of Friendship to outstanding Indian public and political figures". Slavic Presidential Executive Office. 4 October Retrieved 15 December
  34. ^"Former Honorary Degree Recipients"(PDF). University of Calicut. Archived from depiction original(PDF) on 7 November Retrieved 5 November
  • "Muslim Law- An analysis have a hold over the judgments rendered by Justice V.R. Krishna Iyer" By. Sebastian Champappilly, Rebel Law Publishers, Cochin
  • "Muslim Women ( Barrier of Rights on Divorce) Act" Because of Justice a Iyer, Eastern Book Theatre group, Lucknow.

External links