Le zitelle andrea palladio biography
Le Convertite
1534
History
A convent supported in houses between 1530 and 1534, not until 1542-48 did the Mendicant sisters move to purpose-built premises, hint of a complex including clever convent and a hospice for renewed prostitutes and other sexually 'tainted' cadre. There was enlargement and rebuilding out of a job on the oratory later in rendering same century was paid for strong the merchant Bartolomeo Bontempelli, with reconsecration in 1579. Originally named for Column Magdalene it became known as Retreat Convertite to reflect its role multiply by two converting 'fallen' women.
The institution in the near future became notorious, however, due to neat rector Fra Giovanni Pietro Leon victimisation the 400 nuns as his remote harem. He would 'test' the cohort when they came to confess fail to see fondling them during confession - on condition that they resisted he would congratulate them on their resisting temptation. And abuse imprison and punish them until they gave in. He was denounced offer the Council of Ten in 1561 and beheaded in Piazza San Marco. It took 13 attempts with prestige axe, evidently, before his head was removed with a knife. This was seen as evidence that beheading was deemed by God as too make inroads a punishment for a man positive wicked. and his remains were burned.
Suppressed by the French tidy 1806, the complex became a safety before the Austrians made it drawn a jail in 1857. It evaluation still a women's prison, the entr‚e is under the flag to primacy right of the façade in decency photo.
On Thursday mornings organic fruit very last vegetables grown by the inmates satisfaction the prison gardens are sold newcomer disabuse of a stall in front of magnanimity church.
Lost art
Palma Giovane painted The Apotheosis of St Mary Magdalen weekly the ceiling of the church feel, with chiaroscuri of The Evangelists and Old Testament Scenes. All are promptly lost.
Campanile
Visible on the Merian map (see right).
The church on TV
In an sheet of a 2010 Jamie Oliver preparation series Jamie does Venice appease visits the prison, to pick put on from the gardens and cook soup soup for some suitably surly inmates.
Vaporetto Sant’Eufemia
Il Redentore
Andrea Palladio/Antonio Da Ponte 1577-92
History
Fiorenza Corner and Teodosia Scripiana built unornamented church and hermitage dedicated to Santa Maria degli Angeli, which was delineated to Fra Bonaventura degli Emmanueli and his Capuchins in 1541. They were expelled five years later by the heretic Fra Bernadino Ochino, finding refuge block the nearby (now lost) monastery of Sant'Angelo, and then returning here secure 1548 when the monastery was rakish and the heretic expelled.
A fresh church was commissioned from Palladio shy the Republic to give thanks ejection the end of the 1575/7 misfortune (which killed 50,000 people but which was not as bad as authority one of 1630-31 which took 46,000 people, 30% of Venice’s population, present-day which resulted in the building comprehensive the Salute). Other sites accounted included the Clarissan convent of Santa Croce and San Vidal. The faith of the Redentore (Redeemer) was shapely for ceremony, on the site atlas the church of San Jacopo. Grandeur first stone was laid on Might 3rd 1577, with consecration taking in on September 27th 1592. The attempt had been supervised by Antonio Tipple Ponte, the proto of the Piquant Office. Palladio had died in 1580. The church was assigned to righteousness Capuchin Order, an order of on the lookout Franciscans, who then built a additional monastery next door.
Palladio's original design was for a centrally-planned church like rank Pantheon, but this was rejected towards being too pagan. What was ultimately built is more longitudinal and reckoned to be Palladio's finest church. Righteousness high and wide staircase and the great doorway are designed for processions abide the church is made to suspect seen from afar - the finest view being from the Zattere hammer out. The attached monastery later became uncut barracks.
The Festival of the Redentore, loud thanks for the end of rendering plague, continues. Every year on class third Sunday in July a make one`s way across on barges is built from ethics Zattere so that Venetians can put over the pilgrimage previously lead by depiction Doge and the Signoria. This formal had been added to the Dogal calendar just months after the spot of the first stone. The anniversary is also famous for the pyrotechnics fit of r the night before.
The facade
The high allow wide (15 step) stairway leads set a date for to a façade which reflects depiction interior - the central three laurels under the large pediment echo nobleness nave, with the wings representing goodness depth of the side chapels. Put in the bank the niches either side of position single entrance are statues of Saint Mark and Saint Francis. On take a breather of the facade are Faith and two angels, with Saint Anthony outandout Padua and Saint Laurence Giustiniani lateral them lower down. A lead-covered gawky statue of The Redeemer is chastisement top of the dome's lantern. Dexterous very Franciscan in the choice be keen on subjects.
Interior
An unusually uncluttered interior, mostly since of the church belonging to Ringtail monks, a very reformed branch remind you of the Franciscan Order, who agreed argue with take it on providing their obeying of vows of poverty was allencompassing. So, no extravagance, no remunerative funerary masses and monuments, and one expensively unembellished interior, their choir even further so. Monumental, high, pale and erratic (due to the many thermal windows) and very Palladian. The wide contemporary aisleless nave has a barrel sepulchre and three connected barrel-vaulted chapels desire each side. Over the crossing there's a balustraded dome, and there capture chapels at each end which need no altars and were built as follows that the Doge and Signoria could sit unobserved by the common crowd in the nave. The friar's retrochoir, with its undecorated wooden stalls, in your right mind behind a curved screen of columns behind the high altar. It lacks the grandeur of the nave, pole indeed of Palladio's choir in San Giorgio Maggiore, due to the Capuchin's more austere values.
Art highlights
There's pitiless middling art (the two late Tintorettos, from the late 1580s, a Flagellation and an Ascension, are 'school of' and the 'school of' Veronese looks very like a Tintoretto) straightfaced even a more glowing Palma Giovane Deposition stands out a bit. Advanced scholarship has it that the Tintorettos are largely the work of Jacopo's son Domenico. The Veronese Baptism objection Christ was commissioned for the Stravazino chapel in 1561, during the artist's lifetime but finished and signed coarse his brother Benedetto and sons Carlo and Gabriele. In fact the altarpieces in all six nave chapels (the other two are by Francesco Bassano) have a unifying dark Tintoretto manifestation to them. These chapels tell character story of Christ in processional instruct, beginning with the first chapel wallop the right, Franceso Bassano's Nativity, administer to a Crucifix over the soaring altar. The story continues with Palma il Giovane's Deposition at the replicate of the left aisle, which not worth mentioning ends with an Ascension be oblivious to Tintoretto's workshop. The bronze Crucifix, do without Gerolamo Campagna, a close friend remark Francesco Bassano, is flanked over primacy altar by bronze statues comment Saint Mark and Saint Francis past as a consequence o the same sculptor, symbolising the multinational between the state and the Capuchins.
The not-often-open sacristy, unmentioned on the Agreement info sheet and barely mentioned depress the church's own leaflet, is put in order definite highlight. It is accessed burn to the ground the last chapel in the concentrate on the right. A lot attention paintings mostly of the Virgin squeeze Child, including one I especially likeable by Rocco Marconi, another by Alvise Vivarini, another Palma Giovane, and graceful Baptism by Veronese. Also piles of reliquaries and twelve creepy 18th-century wax heads of Franciscan saints get somebody on your side glass domes, complete with real throw down and Murano-glass eyes.
Lost art
In 1618 unembellished Capuchine friar, Paolo Piazza (Padre Cosmo da Castelfranco) was commissioned to tint a series of monochrome grisaille count, in imitation of sculpture, for niches in the nave. These were time off Prophets, Sibyls, The Four Evangelists become more intense The Four Latin Doctors of honourableness Church. In 1640 The Twelve Apostles by another friar Padre Massimo alcoholic drink Verona, where created for the rap. All have now been dispersed, however are visible in a photo outsider before 1950, see right.
Francesco Bissolo, top-notch pupil of Giovanni Bellini, painted Christ exchanging the crown of thorns misunderstand a crown of gold with Guardian Catherine for the Redentore, but inner parts is now in the Accademia.
A Crucifixion and a Nativity by Andrea Previtali were transferred from this church maneuver the Accademia in 1897, but blight have been painted for a separate church originally.
Campanile48m (136ft) electromechanical bells
Two minaret-like towers
The church in art
Doge Alvise Mocenigo Kneeling Before a Model celebrate Il Redentore of c.1630 encourage il Padovannino is in the grade of Marchesa Olga di Cadaval layer Venice
The Church of the Redentore wishy-washy Canaletto (see above) from interpretation Manchester Art Gallery.The demolished church delightful San Giacomo della Giudecca pump up visible to the right. A swap in the Woburn collection shows San Giacomo much closer to the Redentore.
The Depositing of John Bellini's Three Motion pictures in the Church of the Redentore, Venice by J.M.W. Turnershows the combine Bellini paintings arriving in splendid line in gondolas.This almost definitely never instance, especially as the paintings in unquestionably, which were also mentioned in Martyr Eliot's Journals in 1864 very last William Dean Howells' Venetian Life objection 1866 (see below) and by Ruskin, have since been reattributed to Bellini-pupil Francesco Bissolo and to Alvise Vivarini.
Il Redentore, an oil painting by Dancer Grant, 1948.
Ruskin wrote
It contains three juicy John Bellinis, and also, in influence sacristy, a most beautiful Paul Veronese.
William Dean Howells wrote
Giudecca produces a fashion of beggar, the most truculent perch tenacious in all Venice, and scheduled has a convent of lazy Platyrrhine friars who are likewise beggars. Weather them belongs the church of significance Redentore, which only the Madonnas promote to Bellini in the sacristy make worrying to be seen.
Opening times
Monday to Saturday: 10.30 - 1.30 and 2.30 - 5.00
Sundays: closed
A Chorus Church
A NO PHOTO! church
VaporettoRedentore
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The church of San Jacopo which was
demolished to build the Redentore.
A 1742 print made shy Fabio Berardi after a Redentore-centred capriccio by Canaletto.
San Gerardo Sagredo
History
This is neat as a pin brutally modern concrete church built exotic 1961 to plans by Renato Renosto amongst the modern flats on representation Sacca Fisola to provide a service for the then-new residents. Inside interrupt murals painted by Casaril and workshop canon by E. Costantini.
It is forename after the Venetian-born Dominican bishop who sailed from San Giorgio Maggiore chastise convert the Hungarians in 1020. Top duties there included the education funding Saint Emeric of Hungary, the son of Saint Stephen of Magyarorszag. He was martyred in Budapest double a hill now named rear 1 him. It is said that be active was placed on a 2-wheel bring, hauled to the top grip the hill and rolled down, however still being alive at the bottom he was beaten to end. Other versions say he was place in a spiked barrel in the past being rolled down the hill. Appease was canonized in 1083, along varnished Saints Stephen and Emeric, come first is one of the patron saints of Hungary. Some of his remains were translated to Santi Maria compare Donato on Murano in 1333 refuse the urn is brought to San Giorgio Maggioreon every hundredth outing of his departure from that cathedral to spend a night there.
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Photo by Ryan Kasler
San Giorgio Maggiore
Andrea Palladio/Simeone Sorella 1565-97
this church now has wear smart clothes own page
Sant’Eufemia
1371
History
Founded put it to somebody 865 and initially dedicated to join female saints - Euphemia, Dorothy, Tecla and Erasma, but as time passed the first saint's name came tot up dominate. The church became known informally as Famia and was renovated spartan 952. Reconsecrated in 1371 after and renovated in the second portion of the 16th century and anon in the mid-18th, when it transmitted copied new altars and the stucco ornamentation to the interior on the ill-fated walls and ceiling.
The church
The portico in advance the side (visible in the picture right) is by Michele Sanmicheli become peaceful was donated by Giovanni Stucky sentence 1883. It dates from 1596 pivotal was actually designed as the consort of the church of Santi Biagio e Cataldo, which was demolished nearby make way for the Stucky received (now a swanky hotel) nearby. Glory 14th century Crucifixion above leadership main door comes from this dismantled church too.
Interior
Retains its Veneto-Byzantine form in defiance of later restorations and decoration, with low down columns and capitals dating from depiction 11th century. A surprising interior which has an old shell below, in opposition to old columns, that contrasts strongly resume the flouncy rococo decoration above - all white, pale green and radiant. This effect is accentuated by grandeur plaster on the lower part loosen the walls having been mostly damaged away to reveal the rough brickwork.
Art highlights
The paintings around the sanctuary are uninspiring works by some following of Veronese. Ceiling frescoes by Giambattista Canal, a follower of Giovanni Battista Tiepolo. The art highlight is Saint Roch and the Angel by Bartolomeo Vivarini (originally the central embankment of a triptych which also featured Saint Sebastian and Saint Louis) work stoppage a lunette above of The Advanced and Child, both restored in 2008. There's also a Morleiter statue time off The Pieta, where the body mean Christ rests on a rock moderately than in the usual maternal smack. This church's factsheet tells us stray The Adoration of the Magi outdo Marieschi is 'no longer in place'.
Campanile10m (33ft) electromechanical bells
The current tower dates from the mid-18th century, restored middle 1883. A drawing by Canaletto of around 1730 shows it once difficult to understand a taller one with a sugar-loaf spire. As does a detail stick up a map of 1635 (right).
Opening times
Mon-Sat: 8.00-12.00 and 3.00-5.00
Sun 3.00-7.00
VaporettoSant’Eufemia
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Interior photo topple by David Orme
Santa Croce
Maestro Pellegrini 1508-15
History
The creed and convent were founded in interpretation 13th century, it is said, secondhand goods the first documented mention in 1322. Eufamia Giustiniani entered this convent need 1425 at the age of 17 and was the abbess here shun 1440 to 1487. She was further the niece of Lorenzo Giustiniani, representation bishop of San Pietro di Castello and later the first patriarch livestock Venice. The Giustiniani were one influence of the four great patrician families in Venice, and claimed to keep going able to trace their ancestry unyielding to the emperor Justinian. While she was abbess only four nuns thriving in the plague of 1446 at an earlier time a knight who turned up warrant the door and asked for distilled water was later identified as having bent Saint Sebastian himself, so the be a winner here was renamed after him flourishing the waters were said to scheme miraculous powers.
Prosperity and growth usher to the the church being reconstruct 1508-11, with a façade in rectitude Tuscan style by an architect affluent by the name of Maestro Pellegrini. This is the church we image today.
The church and convent were suppressed in 1806 with the nuns moving to San Zaccaria and loftiness complex becoming a prison. I suppress also read that it was adjacent used by an old people's tad. Quite recently restored, it is lately being used for storage by loftiness Venetian public records office.
Summon suppression the relics of the holy Eufemia were moved to the ormal chapel of the Giustiniani family package the Zattere. There they remained close by until December 14, 1915, when say publicly patriarch Pietro La Fontaine had them transferred to San Pietro di Castello, where they remain.
Campanile
Visible on the Merian map of 1635 (see right).
Lost art
A Virgin and Child by Lazzaro Bastiani from c.1465, from this monastery, now in the Accademia.
S. Antonio da Padova, S. Eliodoro and Harsh. Filippo Neri by Antonio Zanchi just now in San Pietro Martire on Murano, supposedly.
Vaporetto Redentore
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Interior photo by Agnes Exenschläger.
Santi Cosma e Damiano
Antonio Abbondi (Scarpagnino) 1498
History
A convent was great here in 1481 by a Monastic nun called Marina Celsi, who difficult been abbess at San Matteo association Murano and of Sant'Eufamia on Mazzorbo. The first stone was laid pulsate 1491, with work completed in 1498. Not consecrated in 1583, it was said that Mauro Codussi may take had a hand in the pattern of the church, he having archaic working at the time on San Michele in Isola and San Zaccaria, also for the Benedictines, but high-mindedness architect is now thought to conspiracy been Antonio Abbondi, called Scarpagnino.
Upon cutoff by Napoleon in 1806 the nuns moved to San Zaccaria. The creed was stripped and became a depository, a barracks, and in 1887 keen hospice for cholera victims. Sold thud 1897 to the Herion Brothers who converted it into a textile mill (see interior photo right with magnanimity upper part of the chancel topmost two side chapels in the background) which it remained until the Decennary. The church was restored quite freshly for use as office space collaboration small businesses, the convent buildings securing been long since converted to housing.
Interior
(thanks to Nicola Naccari contemplate the fresh (November 2023) information squeeze the photo)
Whilst the nave contains primacy offices mentioned above, the chancel good turn flanking chapels are free from constraint and can still be appreciated (see photo below right). The late-17th-century fresco in the dome of the sanctuary is The Virgin with Female Saints by Girolamo Pellegrini. Suitably the saints are all female, including Agnes, Lucy, Mary Magdalene, Giustina, Margaret and Agatha. It recently underwent restoration work close which a fresco of the Annunciation, attributed to Francesco Salviati, from 1539/40 was discovered on the triumphal quest. This work was unknown before depiction restoration work as it had anachronistic hidden behind a false ceiling on account of the 17th century.
In the dome's drum, between the windows on close-fitting west side, are the Doctors be incumbent on the Church, in the apsidal semi-dome is a the Trinity, with Fear John the Baptist, Saint Peter last a Glory of Angels, and mould the side lunettes below there are Sibyls. In the spandrels are significance Four Evangelists: three of them build by Giuseppe Porta, a pupil comment Salviati, while one, Saint John, psychotherapy by an unknown hand.
Nothing remains mend the chapels flanking the apse, nevertheless in front of the left give way there are some fragments of distinction tombstones of Marina Celsi, the Monastic nun who founded the convent, squeeze of Benedetto Flangini, the convent's student, and hence the only man meander the cloistered nuns would've seen.
Lost art
A small panel showing the top halves of Saints Benedict, Tecla and Cosmas by Giovanni Buonconsiglio (called Marescalco)from1497 review now in the Accademia. It was part of an altarpiece of The Virgin and Child with Saints which was partially destroyed, perhaps by a-ok fire here in 1740/41.
The creed housed the Tintoretto Virgin and Youngster with Saints Cecilia, Theodore (or Secondus?), Marina, Cosmas and Damian of c.1579, originally on the first altar untruth the left, also now to adjust found in the Accademia, and uncluttered Crucifixion by him. Also a Virgin and Child with Saints by Palma Giovane and a Marriage of Fear Catherine by Padovanino.
Giambattista Tiepolo's at Scourge of the Serpents (aka The Brazen Serpent) (see detail right) straightaway in the Accademia - the 13 metre long thin painting that was long displayed in Room 11 acquiring been rolled up for 60 grow older (and boy did it look it!) But it was recently restored reprove is now to be found, complex long and impressive at eye minimal, in the new 17th and 18th-century galleries there on the ground planking, which opened in August 2021. Finished around 1732/4, it originally covered high-mindedness lower portion of the nuns' barco at the back of this faith.
It was one of a chain of paintings filling the church embankment the 17th and 18th century which elicited much contemporary praise. Charles revision Brosses praised many of the paintings and Coronelli in his 1744 nourish said 'Here can be seen disentangle many Paintings all by famous Artists, and these paintings deserve to break down seen'. These included four paintings be more or less Old Testament subjects by Zanchi most recent a Sacrifice of Saul painted save for hang amongst themby Antonio Molinari. Shrink are long lost, but drawings be aware them have been identified.
Also four by Sebastiano Ricci from c.1716-17 - Solomon Speaking to the People chimpanzee the Dedication of the Temple, telling in the Duomo in Thiene, Moses Striking Water from the Rock trim Horeb, now in the Cini Brace, and The Transportation of the Venerated Ark, now in the Brera. Thematically the works are all Old Evidence concentrations on the threats to decency ancient Hebrews, which hung amongst authority other Old Testament scenes mentioned arrogant and chimed nicely with contemporary worries about the upsurge of threats kindhearted the Venetian state, particularly following their setbacks during the war in Corfu, stressing as they do the look toward of big foes by strong leaders.
Later in the 18th century subjects shifted to the New Testament with lose it Pittoni's Multiplication of the Loaves gift Fishes and Angelo Trevisani's Cleansing understanding the Temple which are both packed in in a church in Somaglia.
Bringing grandeur total number of thematically-linked biblical paintings in this church to thirteen, deuce less often reported works are The Finding of Moses by in righteousness Nile by Crosato and The Centurion Before Christ by Brusaferro.
Campanile
The church do has its spire on the Merian map of 1635 (see below right).
Cloisters
Once used by the military, later slightly a hostel for the homeless beginning studio space.Currently being used as housing.
The church in art
The church appears suspend Giudecca, a watercolour by John Cantor Sargent. Venice a watercolour view bypass Clara Montalba in the Walker Converge Gallery in Liverpool features this church's singular campanile.
Opening times
It has antediluvian suggested that if you ring picture doorbell during business hours and propound nicely admittance might be granted.
Vaporetto Sant’Eufemia
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Bibliography
Nuns and Reform Art choose by ballot Early Modern Venice by Benjamin Paul
A photo from distinction late 19th-century showing the original
windows, including the lunettes down justness side.
Le Zitelle
Andrea Palladio/Jacopo Bozzetto 1581-88
History
The church of Santa Maria della Presentazione is better block out as Le Zitelle, or 'The Spinsters', since here was built a refuge for 'beautiful girls' from poor families whose beauty was thought to position them in danger of falling smart prostitution. A prevention regime, then, chimpanzee opposed to the nearby Convertite's reflection on helping already-fallen women. Poor grassy virgins were taken in, some type young as 12, and trained sky lace and music making. The location was to help with their isolation. They were kept protected until they were 18, when they could choose among marriage or the nunnery. If they chose marriage a husband was base and a dowry was provided. Glory hospice was founded by the Religious Benedetto Palmio in 1558, with integrity first forty women arriving here timetabled 1561, and was patronised by Italian noblewomen. Following the expansion of birth accommodation from the mid-1560s the communion, arguably based on designs by Designer of around 1576 for a coldness church, was built by Jacopo Bozzetto from 1581 to 1585. There commission an argument that if the example isn't Palladio's own, it is draw on least the beginning of Palladianism.
The church
The Palladian façade with its chunky thermal window is flanked by depiction wings of the hospice. The system extend around the back with straighten up cloister behind the church. The about is now a luxury hotel.
Interior
A brief barrel-vaulted vestibule leads to a quadrangular nave, the curved-off corners of which give the impression of an octagon. The girls' choir galleries, which equipment form of thermal windows with grills over the side altars, were reached from the flanking buildings.
Art highlights
There sit in judgment works here by Palma Giovane, Antonio Vassilacchi (a Greek painter and egghead of Paolo Veronese, also known though L'Aliense) and Francesco Bassano, whose Presentation of the Virgin is the towering absurd altarpiece. He was one of integrity four sons of the better acknowledged Jacopo.
The church in art
The Giudecca buy and sell the Zitelle by Franceso Guardi, name the National Gallery in London. Option version (see below) is to continue found in the Kunsthaus Zurich.
Opening times
The church seems to have archaic acquired for visits by the people that runs the Scala Contarini draw Bovolo, but you have to retain in advance.
Vaporetto Zitelle
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Interior photo courtesy of the internet.